Tetrameranthus pachycarpus Westra, 1985

Westra, Lubbert Y. T. & Maas, Paul J. M., 2012, Tetrameranthus (Annonaceae) revisited including a new species, PhytoKeys 12, pp. 1-21 : 13-14

Tetrameranthus pachycarpus Westra Fig. 1E, F Map 1

Tetrameranthus pachycarpus Proceedings of the Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen, ser. C. 88: 477, plate 2, fig.1, plates 12 & 13. 1985.

Type.

Klug 1216 (holotype NY; isotypes F, U), Peru, Loreto: Mishuyacu, near Iquitos, 100 m, April 1930.

Description.

Tree, 4-26 m tall, young twigs and petioles densely to rather densely covered with brown, stellate hairs>0.5 mm long, becoming glabrous. Leaves: petioles 20-30 mm long, 2-4 mm diam., slightly thickened toward the base, lamina elliptic, narrowly elliptic or narrowly obovate, 17-22 by 5-10 cm (index 2.1-3.4), coriaceous, brown in sicco, glabrous except for primary vein above, rather densely to sparsely covered with stellate hairs on large veins and otherwise sparsely covered with stellate hairs to glabrous below, base acute to attenuate, apex obtuse, acute, or acuminate (acumen 1-5 (rarely more) mm long), primary vein impressed to almost flat above, secondary veins 10-15 on either side of primary vein, not loop-forming, or less often loop-forming, shortest distance between loops and margin 2-3 mm, tertiary veins flat and inconspicuous above, percurrent to more or less reticulate. Inflorescences 1-flowered; peduncles 4-5 mm long, 1-2 mm diam., fruiting peduncles to c. 5 mm diam., bracts 2(-more?), narrowly triangular to linear-triangular, 3-5 mm long, outer side densely covered with stellate hairs, falling at or after flowering, pedicels 10-15 mm long, 1.5-2 mm diam., fruiting pedicels to c. 25 mm long, 3-4 mm diam., peduncles and pedicels densely to rather densely covered with stellate hairs, becoming glabrous; flowers yellow in vivo; sepals broadly elliptic, 3-4 mm long, connate at the very base, outer side densely covered with stellate hairs; outer petals narrowly elliptic to oblong, to c. 35 by 16 mm, outer side densely to rather densely covered with stellate hairs, the inner base glabrous, to c. 3 mm long, inner petals narrowly elliptic to oblong, somewhat smaller than outer petals and with slightly larger glabrous inner base; stamens c. 2 mm long, connective shield more or less conical and curved toward the center. Monocarps 1-3, yellow in vivo, brown in sicco, ellipsoid, 2-seeded forms to c. 70 by 40 mm, without or with inconspicuous, oblique constriction, apex rounded. Seeds 1-2 per monocarp, 30-40 by 20-28 mm.

Distribution.

Peru (Loreto), fairly common in the region around Iquitos, not known elsewhere so far.

Habitat and ecology.

In forest on white sand. At elevations of 100-200 m. Flowering and fruiting: probably throughout most of the year.

Additional specimens examined.

Peru. Loreto: Mishana, 100-140 m, Ayala 1564 (AMAZ), Díaz S. et al. 404 (MO), Foster 4271 (F, MO, U), Gentry et al. 39313 (U), Vásquez et al. 5285 (MO, U), Vásquez & Jaramillo 9651 (MO, U); Puerto Almendras, 100-120 m, Díaz & Arévalo 81 (MO, U), Grández & Jaramillo 4983 (MO, U), Vásquez & Jaramillo 4619 (MO, U), 11031 (MO, U), Vásquez et al. 8067 (MO, U); Carretera de Peña Negra, at 2 km from Quista Cocha, 180 m, Rimachi Y. 4537 (MO, US), 7735 (MO, NA); Ninarumi ("Nina Rumy"), 123 m, Ruiz M. 808 (MO); Prov. Maynas, Allpahuayo, Vásquez et al. 17984 (MO).

Figures

Figure 1. Tetrameranthus umbellatus Westra A Young flower (Tunqui 62, U) B Androecium and gynoecium of same. Tetrameranthus duckei R. E. Fr. C Two-seeded monocarp (Rodrigues & Coelho 3835, U) D One-seeded monocarp (Morawetz et al. 21 - 9883, U). Tetrameranthus pachycarpus Westra E, F Two-seeded monocarp cut open and seen from outside (Foster 4271, NY). Tetrameranthus umbellatus Westra G Two-seeded monocarp (Huashikat 613, U).

Map 1. Distribution of Tetrameranthus duckei R. E. Fr. (●), Tetrameranthus guianensis Westra & Maas (■), and Tetrameranthus pachycarpus Westra (□).