Homalium moniliforme subsp. moniliforme

Applequist, Wendy L., 2018, A revision of Homalium sect. Odontolobus (Salicaceae) endemic to Madagascar, Candollea 73 (1), pp. 27-48 : 37-38

6a. Homalium moniliforme subsp. moniliforme

Young twigs glabrous (glabrate, minutely papillate only at extreme apex). Leaves: petiole 2-7(-10) mm; blade obovate to elliptical, narrowly elliptical, or oblanceolate, 3-6.8 × (1.1-)1.3-2.6(-3) cm; margins shallowly wavy to crenateserrate or subentire, often slightly revolute; apex rounded to acute (rounded-cuspidate, slightly acuminate, aberrantly emarginate).

Vernacular names. – “Hazombato” (Razakamalala et al. 55); “Mafaikoditre” (Antilahimena et al. 2171); “Matrambody” (Razanatsima & Céléstin 712); “Menahihy” (Iambana & Arsène 208, Iambana 270); “Rohitra” (Decary 5469); “Tamehaka madinidravina” (Andrianjafy et al. 189); “Tendrompony” (Razanatsima 859).

Uses. – Wood is used for construction (Andrianjafy et al. 189).

Distribution, ecology and conservation status. – Homalium moniliforme subsp. moniliforme is native to mid- to low-elevation humid forests in Antsiranana, Toamasina, and rarely Fianarantsoa provinces. It is reported to occur on laterite, humus soil with rocky substrate, and on ferricrete, sometimes near water. Because it is relatively widespread and occurs in four protected areas (i.e., Zahamena, Masoala, Betampona, Makirovana-Tsihomanaomby), the preliminary assessment of its conservation status is “Least Concern” [LC].

Notes. – Homalium moniliforme subsp. moniliforme has on average larger leaves than subsp. littorale , but its leaves usually do not exceed 6.8 × 2.6(-3) cm. Collections from lower-elevation sites, e.g., in Betampona, seem more often to have acute or cuspidate leaves while those at higher elevations have more rounded leaf apices and the leaves are more strongly coriaceous; at the highest elevations the margins are generally revolute.

Two specimens from northern Madagascar with very large leaves (to 9.7 × 4.1 cm) (Service Forestier 28807 and Razakamalala et al. 55) are tentatively placed with the large-leaved, usually southern H. densispicatum but may have affinities to H. moniliforme .

Selected material examined. – MADAGASCAR. Prov. Antsiranana: Ambodivoapaza, forêt de Makirovana-Tsihomanaomby , 14°08’33’’S 49°55’06’’E, 593 m, 23.V.2009, post-fl., Randrianarivony et al. 154 ( MO) ; Antanandava, Makirovana , 14°10’01’’S 49°57’12’’E, 685 m, 4.V.2010, fr., Razakamalala et al. 5447 ( MO) . Prov. Toamasina: Zahamena PN, 17°38’27’’S 48°52’32’’E, 700-1040 m, 4.X.2001, fr., Andrianjafy et al. 189 ( MO, P) ; Ampokafo , village Ambatoledama , 15°17’S 50°00’E, 15.VIII.2003, fr., Antilahimena 2046 ( G, MO) ; Fkt. Anjiahely , 15°24’19’’S 49°30’28’’E, 360 m, 28.VI.2004, fl., Antilahimena 2597 ( P) ; Masoala NP , Ambohitsitondroina Mahalevona , 15°25’37’’S 49°57’24’’E, 1158 m, 10.X.2003, fr., Antilahimena et al. 2171 ( P) ; Fkt. Anjian’i Madirano , 15°54’08’’S 49°27’44’’E, 829 m, 22.VII.2007, post-fl., Antilahimena et al. 5616 ( MO) ; Betampona RNI , piste principale 2 à 4 km, 17°55’S 49°13’E, 21.IV.1999, fr., Iambana & Arsène 208 ( MO, P) ; Vatomandry, 19°09’16’’S 48°34’56’’E, 686 m, 22.XI.2004, old fls., A. Randrianasolo et al. 947 ( MO) ; Brickaville , vers le sommet d’Ankerana , 18°25’24’’S 48°47’06’’E, 896 m, 22.III.2011, fl., Ravelonarivo et al. 3785 ( MO) ; Fkt. Ambatolampy , forêt d’Ankarana , 18°23’51’’S 48°47’53’’E, 948 m, 25.I.2012, fl., Ravelonarivo et al. 4194 ( MO) ; Sahanionaka, forêt de Vohibe , 19°10’49’’S 48°32’27’’E, 763 m, 2.VI.2010, post-fl., Razanatsima 859 ( BR, G, K, MO, WAG) ; Ambinanindrano II, forêt de Vohibe , 19°09’19’’S 48°35’04’’E, 655 m, 5.IV.2009, fl., Razanatsima & Céléstin 712 ( MO [2 sheets]) ; Fkt. Ambatolampy , forêt d’Ankerana massif de Beanjada ( N de la presqu’ile Masoala ), 1000 m, I.1954, fr., Service Forestier 8825 ( P) .