Acrotaphus amazonicus Pádua & Sääksjärvi, 2020

Pádua, Diego G., Sääksjärvi, Ilari E., Monteiro, Ricardo F. & Oliveira, Marcio L., 2020, Review of the New World genus Acrotaphus Townes, 1960 (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Pimplinae), with descriptions of fifteen new species, Zootaxa 4719 (1), pp. 1-62 : 11-13

Acrotaphus amazonicus Pádua & Sääksjärvi sp. n.

( Figs 18–26 )

Diagnosis. This species can be distinguished from all other Acrotaphus by the combination of the following characters: 1) margin of gena behind eyes concave (flat in male) in dorsal view; 2) posterior ocelli separated from eyes by 0.3–0.5× its diameter in dorsal view; 3) metasoma orange with distal half of tergite V and tergites VI+ black or tergites V+ black; 4) hind leg entirely black, except the base of coxa orange or orange with apex of coxa, femur, tibia and tarsus black; 5) ovipositor robust, 1.3–1.5× as long as hind tibia.

Description. Female. Body [18.0] 13.0–18.0 mm. Head. Lower face [0.9] 0.8–1.0× as broad as high (from supraclypeal suture to base of antenna), flat, with scattered punctures which bear long conspicuous bristles; head in dorsal view with margin of gena concave behind eyes; margin of gena [0.5] 0.5–0.7× length of eye in dorsal view; posterior ocelli separated from eyes by [0.3] 0.3–0.5× its diameter in dorsal view. Mesosoma. Pronotum moderately long, smooth and polished, with distance from tegula to head greater than [0.5] 0.5–0.7× distance from tegula to hind margin of propodeum; mesoscutum smooth and polished, with notaulus weakly marked; scutellum in dorsal view triangular; mesopleuron polished, with fine bristles anteriorly and ventrally; epicnemial carina present ventrally, extending until reaching the level of the lower corner of the pronotum laterally; metapleuron polished, with sparse, fine bristles evenly spaced and with a strongly longitudinal groove in lower part below spiracle; propodeum smooth dorsally, laterally with scattered fine bristles. Fore wing [12.8] 10.5–13.0 mm; cu-a opposite to the base of Rs&M; 2 rs-m [0.7] 0.6–0.9× as long as abscissa of M between 2 rs-m and 2 m-cu; hind wing with abscissa of Cu 1 between M and cu-a [1.0]× length of cu-a. Tarsal claw with basal lobe quadrangular, with claw apex slightly overtaking the posterior margin of lobe. Metasoma. Tergite I [1.7] 1.45–1.9× as long as posteriorly broad; tergite II [1.3] 1.1–1.6× as long as posteriorly broad; tergite III [1.3] 1.1–1.6× as long as posteriorly broad; tergites IV–V [1.4] 1.0–1.4× as long as posteriorly broad; ovipositor robust, [1.6] 1.4–1.7× as long as hind tibia; lower valve with slightly swelling in the base and mid region.

Coloration. Head black, mouthparts orange, except apex of mandible black; antenna brownish. Mesosoma entirely orange. Metasoma orange, with weakly blackish marks on the posterior margin of tergites II–IV, tergite V with distal half black and tergites VI+ black.Anterior and mid leg entirely orange, the hind leg orange, with trochantellus, femur, tibia and tarsus black. Wings yellowish; fore wing with apex distal to 2 rs-m black, and with a black median band extending backwards from anterior margin, just proximal to the pterostigma, right through the 1 st subdiscal cell; pterostigma yellowish. Ovipositor brownish and sheath dark brown.

Male. ( Figs 21–22 ). Similar to female in structure and coloration, except body 7.0–10.0 mm; lower face 1.0– 1.2× as broad as high (from supraclypeal suture to base of antenna); head, in dorsal view, with margin of the gena flat behind the eyes; margin of the gena 0.5–0.6× length of eye, in dorsal view; posterior ocelli separated from eyes by 0.4–0.6× its diameter in dorsal view; fore wing 6.0–7.0 mm; tergite I 1.2–1.5× as long as posteriorly broad; tergite II 1.4–1.5× as long as posteriorly broad; tergite III 1.2–1.4× as long as posteriorly broad; sternite IX ( Fig 24 ) longer than high, with lateral and anterior margins strongly sclerotised, lateral margin flat and posterior margin slightly concave centrally, with few bristles widely spaced posteriorly. Genital capsule ( Figs 25–26 ): Paramere truncated apically, slightly narrower than the parameral lamina, with bristles except in posterior margin; volsellar lamina with spaced bristles laterally and apically on the central region and with a set of four to five bristles in anterolateral region, just below the base of the digitus; cuspis robust with about five to six teeth aligned in the mid part until apex and with some small bristles in basal region and about five small bristles spaced laterally in apical region; digitus with teeth on apex, rounded distally and angular ventrally, with the margins of the apical region narrower than base; aedeagus with few teeth on apex and its apex slightly curved downward in lateral view.

Variation. Some specimens (found from the same locality as the holotype) have margin of gena slightly concave behind eyes; pronotum with anterior region blackish; metasoma orange with tergites V+ or VI+ black; hind coxa slightly blackish, except its base orange or coxa orange, except its apex blackish. Note: We have not treated those females and males into the paratypes. They are listed in other material.

Type material: Holotype: ♀, BRAZIL, Amazonas, Manaus, Reserva Ducke, Igarapé Ipiranga, 20.iv–09.v.2017, Malaise (A.M.O. Pes, P. Barcelos-Silva & G. R. D. Gomes cols.), INPA . Paratypes: Brazil: Amapá, Serra do Navio, Pedra Preta , 00°53’39,2’’N / 52°00’42’’W, 19.xi.2014, Malaise (J.A. Rafael & F.F. Xavier cols.), ♀, INPA ; Oiapoque, Ramal Km 7, 03°49’19’’N / 51°45’52’’W, 16.xi.2014, Malaise (J.A. Rafael & F.F. Xavier Filho cols.), ♀, INPA; RR [= Roraima], Amajari, Tepequém , 14–29.xii.2015, Malaise large [model Gressit & Gressit, 1962], Projeto Bionorte (J.A. Rafael and team cols.), ♀, INPA ; idem, but Malaise small, ♀, INPA ; Amazonas, Manaus, Reserva Ducke , 59°52’40’’S / 03°08’00’’W, 22.xi–09.xii.2014, Malaise (Silva-Neto and col. cols.), ♀, INPA ; idem, but ZF–03, BR 174 , Km 41, Res. [=Reserve] 1501, 02°27’26’’S / 59°45’60’’W, 14–28.ii.1996 (L.E.F. Rocha-Silva col.), ♀, #0061769, INPA ; idem, but Reserve 1208, 02°22’34’’S / 59°52’39’’W, PDBFF , 19.xi.1985 (B. Klein leg.), ♂ [with last tergites extracted], INPA ; idem, but 03.xii.1985, 2♂, INPA ; idem, but 25.vi.1985, ♂, INPA ; idem, but 20.viii.1985, ♂, INPA ; idem, but 16.iv.1985, ♂, INPA ; idem, but Reserve 1113, 02°26’02’’S / 59°51’15’’W, iv.1986, ♀, INPA ; idem, but Reserva Adolpho Ducke , 2°54’56,8’’S / 59°58’56,5’’W, 11–26.i.2017, Malaise (I.O. Fernandes leg.), ♀, INPA ; idem, but 26.xii.2006 – 11.i.2017 (G. Freitas & M. Feitosa cols.), ♀, INPA ; idem, but 15.x.2016 (without collector), ♀, INPA ; idem, but Igarapé Bolivia , 10.ii.2003 (J.M.F. Ribeiro col.), 4♀, INPA ; idem, but Igarapé Barro Branco , 08–18.xi.2004 (A. Henriques col.), ♀, INPA ; idem, but 12–22.vii.2004, ♀, BNHM ; idem, but Igarapé Ipiranga , 20.iv–09.v.2017 (A.M.O. Pes; P. Barcelos-Silva & G. R.D. Gomes cols.), 2♀, INPA ; idem, but v.2003 (J.M.F. Ribeiro col.), ♀, INPA ; idem, but 02°58’53’’S / 59°54’24,4’’W, 30.vi–02.vii.2015 (A. Pes et al. cols.), ♀, INPA ; idem, but Centro Universitário , 07–21.ix.1988, Shannon, Stool bait (M. Castilho & J.E. Binda cols.), ♀, INPA ; idem, but INPA Aleixo , 08.iv.2004, Sweeping (A.B. Nunes col.), ♀, INPA ; idem, but ZF–2, Km 14, 2°35’21’’S / 60°06’55’’W, 16–31.ix.2016, Malaise small, Igarapé next to the tower (J.A. Rafael & F.F. Xavier F° cols.), 3♀, INPA ; idem, but 01–15.x.2016, 2♀, INPA ; Maués, Rio Abacaxis , 27–29.v.2008, Malaise (J.A. Ra- fael et al. cols.), ♀, INPA ; Parque Nacional do Jaú, Rio Unini, Bacabá , 14–19.vi.1996, Malaise (A.L. Henriques, J. Vidal & F.L. Oliveira col.), ♀, INPA; AM–01 , Km 31, EMBRAPA, 10.vii.1991, Shannon trap with cacau, Bait fruit (L.P. Albuquerque & J. Binda cols.), ♀, INPA ; idem, but 06.ii.1992, ♀, INPA ; idem, but 26.iv.1991, with Andiroba, ♀, INPA ; idem, but 15.i.1992, Shannon trap, Capoeira, ♀, INPA ; Barcelos, Serrinha , vii–viii.2007, Mal- aise (forest) (A.S. Filho & T. Krolow cols.), ♀, INPA ; idem, but Rio Demeni, Pirico , 0°19’30’’S / 62°47’21’’W, viii.2008, Malaise trap in campinarana (A. Silva & R. Machado cols.), ♀, INPA ; Careiro Castanho , BR 319 , Km 181, Sítio S. [=São] Paulo , 4°12’48’’S / 60°49’04’’W, 09–21.xi.2016, Malaise large [model Gressit & Gressit, 1962] (J.A. Rafael & F.F. Xavier F° cols.), ♀, INPA ; idem, but 13–27.vii.2016, ♀, INPA ; idem, but 15–30.ix.2016, Mal- aise small, ♀, INPA ; São Gabriel da Cachoeira, Rio Uaupés , P.E.F. Querari, 01°04’51,3’’N / 69°50’32,1’’W, 15– 30.vi.2017, Malaise large [model Gressit & Gressit, 1962] (M.L. Oliveira & T. V. Mahlmann cols.), 3♀, INPA ; idem, but 15–30.v.2017 (O. Bandeira leg.), ♀, INPA ; Novo Airão , Rod. AM 352 , Km 68, Igarapé Mato Grosso, 2°48’58’’S / 60°55’18’’W, 17–31.viii.1916, Malaise large [model Gressit & Gressit, 1962] over igarapé (J.A. Rafael & F.F. Xavier F° cols.), 3♀, INPA ; idem, but 21–31.vii.2016, ♀, INPA ; idem, but 14–28.ix.2016, Malaise trap near Igarapé, 3♀, INPA . Pará, [without more information] (A. Miles Moss Coll.), ♀, #1947–453, BNHM ; idem; idem, but Rio Nhamundá , 1°35’11’’S / 57°37’32’’W, 25 m., 17–20.v.2008, Malaise (J.A. Rafael and team cols.) ; Óbidos, Sítio Curió , 01°47’03’’S / 55°07’05’’W, 29.viii–08.ix.2001, Malaise (J.A. Rafael & J.F. Vidal cols.), ♀, INPA . Rondônia, Porto Velho, Parque Natural Municipal de Porto Velho, Terra Firme , xi.2008, Malaise (S.S. Gadelha col.), ♀, INPA .; idem, but xii.2008, ♀, INPA . Colombia: Amazonas, PNN [=Parque Nacional Natural] Amacayacu, Path to San Martín , 3°41’N / 70°15’W, 150 m., Red [=sweeping?], 01–10.iii.2014 ( T. Pape & D. Arias leg.), M.4325 [sic], ♀, #52997, IAVH ; Putumayo, PNN [=Parque Nacional Natural] La Paya, Cabaña Viviano, Lowland, 0°7’S / 74°56’W, 320 m., Malaise , 01–15.xi.2001 ( R. Cobete leg.), M.2441 [sic], ♀, #52994, IAVH ; Gua- viare, RN [=Reserva Natural] Nukak Maku, 02°10’40’’N / 71°11’25’’W, Cñ [= Canyon] Cucuy , Cr. Moyano , Mal- aise [in] Rebalse , ii.1996 (F. Fernandez F.E. leg.), ♀, #52990, IAVH ; Vaupés, RN Mosiro-Itajura (Caparú), Igapó, 1°4’S / 69°31’W, 60 m., Malaise , 09–25.ii.2003 (J. Pizón leg.), M.3628 [sic], ♀, #52998, IAVH . Ecuador: Dept. [=Department] Orellana, Onkonegare , 00°39’25,7’’S / 76°27’10,8’’W, a.s.l.: 216 m., 08.ii.1995, Fogging, Lot #969 ( T. L. Erwin leg.), ♂, ZMUT ; idem, but 02.x.1996, Lot #1720, ♀, ZMUT ; idem, but 00°39’25,7’’S / 76°27’10,8’’W, 216.3 m., 22.x.2005, Lot #3060, ♀, ZMUT . French Guiana: M. [=Montagne] de Kaw, Patawa , ix.2003 (J. Cerda leg.), ♀, ZMUT ; idem, but xi.2001, ♀, ZMUT . Guyana: Mabaruma , 09.v.1929 (Myers), ♀, BNHM . Peru: Loreto, Pucallpa , 22.vii.1963 (J.M. Schunke), ♀, BNHM ; idem, but 2011, Malaise (I.C. Gómez leg.), ♀, ZMUT ; idem, but Iquitos area, Allpahuayo , 17.x–08.xi.2000, white sand (I.E. Sääksjärvi et. al. leg.), APHI, G2 / 15, ♀, ZMUT ; idem, but clay, 17.xi–03.xii.1998 (I.E. Sääksjärvi & R. Jussila leg.), APHI, C1 / 7, ♀, ZMUT ; idem, but 17.xi–03.xii.1998, APHI, G2 / 7, ♀, ZMUT ; idem, but 30°58’00’’S / 73°25’16’’W, 10– 16.10.2011 (Gómez & Sääksjärvi leg.), 2♀, MUSM ; idem, but 19–25.ix.2011, ♀, MUSM ; idem, but 17–23.x.2011, ♀, MUSM ; idem, but 01–16.viii.2000, ♀, MUSM ; Idem , but white sand, 16.iii–01.iv.2000, Malaise trap (I.E. Sääksjärvi leg), H 2 ♀, MUSM ; idem, but 24.i–20.ii.2000, H2(1), ♀, ZMUT ; idem, but 22.xii–23.i.2001, H2, ♀, MUSM; MD [= Madre de Dios], Tambopata National Reserve, nr. Explorer’s Inn , 12°50’31,6’’S / 69°17’36,1’’W, 216 m., 15–28.xii.2008, Malaise (M. Alvarado & L. Sulca leg.), ♀, ZMUT . Trinidad and Tobago: Trinidad , xii.1931 (J.G. Myers), ♀, #2308, BNHM . Venezuela: Aragua, Portachuelo, Rancho Grande , 1100 m., 26.vi.1986 (F. Torres col.), ♀, UCLA .

Other material examined: Brazil: Amazonas, Manaus , Parque das Laranjeiras, 15–30.i.1981, CDC trap (J. Arias leg.), 2♂ [one with the genitalia extracted], INPA ; idem, but WWF, Reserve 1208, Rede Central / Norte , 24.ix.1985, Malaise trap (B. Klein leg.), ♂, INPA ; idem, but 26.ii.1985, ♂, INPA ; idem, but 04.xii.1984, ♂, INPA ; idem, but 26.xii.1984, ♂, INPA ; idem, but Reserve 1113, Rede Lateral / Oeste , 04.iv.1985, ♂, INPA ; idem, but ZF 03, Km 23, 02°26’02’’S / 59°51’15’’W, 29.v.1986, ♂ #68160, INPA ; idem, but Fazenda Esteio, PDBFF , 27.xii.1985, ♂ [without the last metasomal tergites], INPA ; idem, but Reserve 1301, 02°23’03’’S / 59°51’15’’W, 25.ix.1985, ♂, INPA ; idem, but Reserva Ducke , 31.ix.1986 (L. Ulysses leg.), ♂, INPA ; idem, but Sítio Vida Tropical, AM 10 , Km 30, R . Água Branca II, 24.iv.1996 (J.F. & F.L. leg.), ♂, INPA . Colombia: Magdalena PNN [=Parque Nacional Naturale] Tayrona Cañaveral , 11°20’N / 74°021’W, 30 m., 13–30.v.2000, Malaise trap ( R. Henriquez leg.), ♂ # 52991, IAVH . Ecuador: Dept. [=Department] Orellana, Yasuni , 00°37’55’’S / 76°08’39’’W, a.s.l.: 220–250 m., 07.ii.1999, Fogging, Lot #2058 and Lot #2048 ( T. L. Erwin leg.), 2♂, ZMUT ; idem, but Onkone Gare , 00°39’25,7’ ’S / 76°27’10,8’’W, a.s.l.: 216.3 m., 21.vi.1996, Lot #1550, ♂, ZMUT ; idem, but 11.ii.1995, Lot # 1021, ♂, ZMUT ; idem, but 08.x.1995, Lot #1263, ♂, ZMUT . Peru: CU [= Cusco], Reserva Comunal Amarakaeri , 12°55’S / 70°51’W, 333– 884 m., 17.ix–14.xi.2010, Malaise trap (M. Vilchez & C. Castillo leg.), ♂, ZMUT ; idem, but Cashiriari–2 Camp. , 11°51’51’’S / 72°46’45’’W, 579 m., 16.x.1997 (Camisea Project leg.), ♂, ZMUT ; idem, but La Convención, Echarate, Zona de amortiguamiento de Megantoni, 12°12’43,32’’S / 72°50’11,98’’W, 663 m., 22–24.iv.2010 (E. Razuri & C. Carranza leg.), ♂, ZMUT ; Loreto, Maynas, 18M 500248E/9624121N, 143 m., Bosque de terraza media, 02.viii.2008 (C. Castillo leg.), ♂, MUSM ; idem, but Iquitos area, Allpahuayo , clay, 08.iii–24.iii.2000 (I.E. Sääksjärvi leg.), APHI, H1 /3; idem, but 11–29.vi.2000, APHI, H1 / 8, 3♂, MUSM ; idem, but 29.vi–16.vii.2000, APHI, H1 / 9, ♂, MUSM ; idem, but 22.v–11.vi.2000, APHI, H1 / 7, ♂, ZMUT ; idem, but 17.iv–03.v.2000, APHI H1 / 5, ♂, ZMUT ; idem, but 18.viii–14.ix.2000, APHI, H2 / 12, ♂, ZMUT ; idem, but 16.vii–02.viii.2000, APHI, H1 / 10, ♂, MUSM ; idem, but white sand, 15.xii.2000, I1(16), ♂, MUSM . French Guiana: M. [=Montagne] de Kaw, Patawa , x.2003 (O. Morvan leg.), ♂, ZMUT ; idem but pk 35, x.2002 (J. Cerda), ♀, ZMUT . Guyana: Upper Courantyne R ., King Frederick William IV Falls , 14–22.iii.1936 (without collector), ♂, BNHM . Trinidad and Tobago: Trinindad , 01.iii.1964 (W. R. Thompson leg.), ♂, CNC . Venezuela: Ocumare de la Costa , 15.xii.1930 (J.G. Myers leg.), ♂, BNHM .

Distribution. Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Peru, Trinidad and Tobago ** and Venezuela ( Fig 27 ).

Biological notes. Host unknown.

Etymology. The specific name refers to Amazonia.

Comments. Acrotaphus amazonicus sp. n. closely resembles A. fasciatus (Brullé, 1846) and A. pseudoamazonicus sp. n. mainly by having last metasomal tergites black and hind leg orange with femur, tibia and tarsus blackish or hind leg entirely black. It differs from A. fasciatus by having margin of gena behind eyes concave and posterior ocelli separated from eyes by 0.3–0.5× its diameter in dorsal view (margin of gena behind the eyes strongly concave and posterior ocelli separated from eyes by 0.1× its diameter in dorsal view in A. fasciatus ). It differs from A. pseudoamazonicus sp. n. by having margin of gena behind eyes concave (margin of gena behind eyes flat in A. pseudoamazonicus sp. n.).

Figures

FIGURES 18–27. Acrotaphus amazonicus sp. n.: 18, habitus ♀ (holotype); 19, head, dorsal view ♀ (holotype); 20, face, frontal view ♀ (holotype); 21; habitus ♂ (paratype); 22 head, dorsal view ♂ (paratype); 23, tarsal claw ♀ (holotype), scale bar =0.2 mm; 24, sternite IX ♂ (paratype), scale bar =0.005 mm; 25, genital capsule, lateral view ♂ (paratype), scale bar =0.005 mm; 26, genital capsule, ventral view ♂ (paratype), scale bar =0.005 mm. 27. Distribution of Acrotaphus amazonicus sp. n. in the Neotropical region.