Deuteraphorura kratochvili ( Nosek, 1963 )

Parimuchová, Andrea & Kováč, Ľubomír, 2016, Redescription of two troglobiotic species of Deuteraphorura Absolon, 1901 (Collembola, Onychiuridae) from the Western Carpathians, Zootaxa 4168 (2), pp. 327-340 : 328-333

Deuteraphorura kratochvili ( Nosek, 1963)

Figs 1–10 , 14–15 , Tab. 1

Onychiurus (Onychiurus) kratochvili Nosek, 1963: 77 Deuteraphorura cf. hussoni Kováč 1999: 68

Deuteraphorura cf. hussoni Kováč & Košel 1998: 67 Deuteraphorura cf. fimetaria Kováč 1998: 97

Deuteraphorura cf. fimetaria Kováč 1999: 68

Deuteraphorura cf. fimetaria Kováč 2000: 73

Deuteraphorura cf. kratochvili Kováč et al. 2004: 61 Deuteraphorura cf. kratochvili Kováč 2005: 91

Deuteraphorura cf. kratochvili Kováč et al. 2010: 143 (in fig.) Deuteraphorura cf. kratochvili Kováč et al. 2014: 124 Deuteraphorura cf. kratochvili Kováč et al. in press Deuteraphorura cf. kratochvili Barciová et al. 2010: 271 Deuteraphorura cf. kratochvili Košel 2012: 88

Deuteraphorura sp. Kováč et al. 2003: 35

Deuteraphorura sp.1 Kováč et al. 1999: 161

Deuteraphorura sp. 2 Kováč et al. 1999: 161

Diagnosis. Dorsal pso formula: 33/033/33354, ventral pso formula: 2-3/00(1)0(1)/2212, subcoxae 1 of legs I–III with 2, 2, 2 pso. Subcoxae 2 of legs I–III with 0, 3, 3 chaetae. Tita of legs I–III with 2 chaetae in C-verticil.

Neotype, male. Slovakia: Low Tatras , Demänovská Cave System , Demänovská jaskyňa mieru Cave, entrance part, 1 male (Nr. 790-11), on surface of water in a container, 6.ix.2011, leg. A. Parimuchová and P. Ľuptáčik . Neotype herein designated, deposited in IBE FS UPJS, Košice.[Holotype male and allotype female, type locality: Low Tatras , Demänovská Cave System, Demänovská Ice Cave, in depth of 60 m, 15.viii.1961, leg. J. Nosek; type specimens were lost]

Other material from type locality. Slovakia: Low Tatras , Demänovská Cave System, Demänovská Ice Cave, 5 females on permanent slides, 12.v.2000, leg. P. Ľuptáčik and Ľ. Kováč ; Demänovská jaskyňa mieru Cave, “ Koncový sifón”, 2 specimens (1 male and 1 female), surface of water pools, 12.v.2011, leg. Ľ. Kováč ; “ Chodba trosiek”, 2 females, on baits, 27.ix.2000, leg. P. Ľuptáčik ; “at the exit”, 1 female, on baits, 27.ix.2000, leg. P. Ľuptáčik; Demänovská Slobody Cave , “ Za Veľkým dómom”, 2 females, on surface of water pools, 11.v.2000, leg. P. Ľuptáčik ; Pustá jaskyňa Cave , “ Zrútená sieň” Hall, 1 male, on rotten wood, 9.ix.2015, leg. Ľ. Kováč ; ibid., 1 male, on surface of a water pool, 9.ix.2015, leg. Ľ. Kováč; Suchá jaskyňa Cave , “ Vysoký dóm” Hall, 1 male, on surface of water pools, 7.ix.2011, leg. A. Parimuchová. Other material from type locality deposited in IBE FS UPJS, Košice.

Other material. Slovakia: Low Tatras Mts , Jaskyňa mŕtvych netopierov Cave, entrance of “ Biela chodba” passage, 1 female, on mouldy guano, 8.ix. 2011, leg. A. Parimuchová.

Kozie chrbty Mts, Važecká jaskyňa Cave, “Kamenný dóm” Hall, 1 female, on surface of a water pool, 23.vi.2015, leg. A. Parimuchová; ibid.,”Zrútená sieň” Hall, 3 females, on surface of water in a bucket, 23.vi.2015, leg. A. Parimuchová;

Zápoľná jaskyňa Cave, “Sintrové jazierka”, 1 female and 1 male, on surface of sinter pools, 22.vi.2015 and 7.xi.2015, leg. P. Ľuptáčik, Ľ. Kováč, V. Papáč and A. Parimuchová.

Pieniny Mts, Aksamitka Cave, internal parts of the cave, 2 females, on surface of cave pools, 26.v.1998, leg. A. Mock.

Slovak Paradise, Duča Cave, “Veľká sieň” Hall, 2 females and 1 male, on bait, 7.xii.1998, leg. V. Košel; ibid: 1 female and 1 male, on rotten wood, 11.vii.2012, leg. A.Parimuchová; Stratenská jaskyňa Cave, “SNP” Hall, pitfall trap, 8.viii.1986 – 30.vii.1987, leg.V. Košel.

Muránska planina Plateau, Bobačka Cave, “Čapík”, 1 female, on bat guano, 5.x.2000, leg. P. Ľuptáčik, and Ľ. Kováč; “Veľryba”, 1 female, pitfall trap and 1 female, bait extraction, 5.x.–9.xi.2000, leg Ľ. Kováč; ibid. 1 female, on surface of a water pool, 9.xi.2000, leg. Ľ. Kováč; Dielik Cave, middle part of entrance passage, 7 females and 3 males on stony debris with wood, 5.i.2010, leg V. Papáč; Zlatnica Cave, “Hall of SNP”, 5 females and 2 males on rotten wood, 21.v.2009, leg V. Papáč.

Revúcka vrchovina Mts, Ochtinská aragonitová jaskyňa Cave, “Mliečna cesta”, 2 females, on rotten wood, 15.x.2003, leg. Lukáň; “Veľká sieň” Hall, 1 male, on surface of water pool, 15.x. 2003, leg.Ľ. Kováč; “Spojovacia chodba” Passage, 1 male, on rotten wood, 15.x.2003, leg. P. Ľuptáčik.

Slovak and Aggtelek Karst, Nová Brzotínska jaskyňa Cave, 60 m from the entrance, 3 females, extracted from bait, 15.v.‒8.vii.1998, leg. Ľ. Kováč; Stará Brzotínska jaskyňa Cave, hind part of the cave, 3 males and 1 female, on surface of water pools, 6.v.2009, leg. Ľ. Kováč and P. Ľuptáčik; Marciho jaskyňa Cave, “Zadná sieň” Hall, 3 females and 2 males, on rotten wood, 22.x.1995; Ardovská jaskyňa Cave, “Zrútený dóm” Hall, 3 females and 1 male, on bat guano, 30.x.1997, leg. Ľ. Kováč; Jasovská jaskyňa Cave, hind part of the cave, 1 female, on thick layer of organic material, 10.x.1995, leg. Ľ. Kováč; ibid: “Husitská sieň” Hall, 1 female, extracted from a bait, 21.i.–3.iii.1999; Krásnohorská jaskyňa Cave, “Ábonyiho dóm” Hall, 2 females and 1 male, on surface of water pools, 12.ix.2003, K. Rajecová.

Hungary: Slovak and Aggtelek karst, Vass-Imre barlang Cave ( Hungary), passage to discovery entrance, 1 female, on marten excrements, 5.ix. 2013, leg. A. Mock.

Other material deposited in IBE FS UPJS, Košice.

Redescription. Body length 1.5–2.2 mm, shape cylindrical ( Figs. 1 , 2 ). Colour white in ethyl alcohol. Cuticular granulation rather fine and uniform. Antennae almost as long as head, area antennalis well marked. PAO with 14–17 compound vesicles. Ant. I with 8 chaetae in one row, Ant. II with 14 chaetae. AOIII with 5 papillae, 5 guard chaetae, 2 sensory rods shorter than papillae, 2 smooth sensory clubs and lateral ms. Apical organite simple in unprotected cavity. Lateral ms on Ant. IV placed basally, equally long as sensory rod of AOIII ( Fig. 5 ). Labium of AB-type, with 6 proximal chaetae. Basomedian field with 4 chaetae. Maxillary outer lobe simple with 1 basal chaeta and 2 sublobal hairs, maxillary palp in apical third slightly serrated ( Fig. 7 ). Labral formula as 4/142 ( Fig. 9 ).

Pso formula dorsally: 33/033/33354 ( Fig. 2 ); head dorsally with 3 anterior pso arranged in triangle and 3 posterior; lateral pso poorly visible, located at hind margin of head, more distant from 2 axial pso. Pso formula ventrally: 2-3/000/2212 ( Fig. 4 ); head ventrally with 1 anterior and 1 postero-lateral pso ( Fig.3 ) or 1 anterior, 1 postero-central and 1 postero-lateral pso ( Fig.10 ). Ventral psx formula on thorax and abdomen I–IV: /011/1010, psx on head, anal valve, subcoxae and femora not seen. Subcoxae 1 of I–III pairs leg with 2, 2, 2 pso. Th. I with 7–9 chaetae per half. Th. II–III with 4+4 axial chaetae and lateral ms. VT mostly with 6 chaetae per half; 4 in proximal and 2 in distal row, basal chaetae absent, chaetae on Th. I–III sterna absent. MVO present in form of thickened leaf-like chaetae: 4 on Abd. II sternum and 6–8 on Abd. III sternum ( Figs. 8 , 14 ). Furca remnant with 2+2 thin chaetae in one row, ma row with 2+2 chaetae in level of dental microchaetae, mm row with 3+3 chaetae and mp row with 2+2 chaetae, external ones as macrochaetae. Subcoxae 1 of legs I– III with 3, 4, 4 chaetae, subcoxae 2 with 0, 3, 3, coxae with 3, 10, 13, trochanters with 9 chaetae each and femora with 15, 15, 14 chaetae, respectively. Tita I with 6+M chaetae in B row (B1 absent) and 2 chaetae in C row, Tita II with 7+M chaetae in B-row and 2 chaetae in C-row, Tita III with 6+M chaetae in B row and 2 chaetae in C row. Claw slightly elongated without teeth, length/width ratio 2.4–2.8. Empodium with basal lamella, tip of filament reaching two-thirds of the claw length ( Fig. 6 ).

Variability. We investigated material of Deuteraphorura also from caves in southern karst areas of the Western Carpathians in Slovakia, which were listed in recent literature as D. cf. kratochvili (see references above). Populations from the Slovak and Aggtelek Karst differ slightly from those from type locality: 3 pso on ventral side of the head (instead of 2 pso), psx on Th. II–III sterna are often replaced by pso ( Fig.10 ), 0, 4, 3 chaetae (instead of 0, 3, 3) are frequently registered on subcoxae 2, and only 1chaeta (instead of 2 chaetae) is often present in C row of Tita III. Based on examination of variability of these characters in numerous specimens from different caves and karst regions, we consider the observed differences as intraspecific variability. In specimens of the same population modified chaetae in MVO may differ in shape, from distinct leaf-like structures ( Fig. 14 ) to simple thickened chaetae ( Fig. 15 ), probably regarding developmental stage.

Remarks. We have not studied the type material of D. kratochvili since its deposition is unknown (J. Hollier, Natural History Museum Geneva, pers. comm.), thus considered to be lost. The specification of the type specimens is following: Slovakia, Low Tatras , Demänovská Valley, Demänovská Ice Cave, 2 specimens (1 male and 1 female), 15.vii.1961, leg. J. Nosek . Any form similar to D. kratochvili has not been registered in the type locality. Thus, we consider freshly collected specimens used in this redescription to be identical to Nosek´s species. Compared with the original description ( Nosek, 1963), we specified dorsal pso formula as 33/033/ 33354 (originally 32/033/33344), posterodorsal pso on head and lateral pso on Abd. IV are located more laterally from others. We also specified ventral pso formula as 2-3/000/ 2212 in contrast to 1/111/2220 (orig. description) that was incorrect due to misinterpretation of hardly visible ventral cuticular structures (psx, pseudopores) on thoracic sterna.

Discussion. Totally 32 species of the genus Deuteraphorura lacking pseudocelli on Th. I have been described worldwide to date ( Weiner & Fiera 2014). Of this species-group only D. rendsinae (Haybach, 1961) and D. doftana Weiner & Fiera, 2014 are characterized by the same dorsal pseudocellar formula (33/033/33354) as in D. kratochvili ( Nosek, 1963) . These species are distinguished by ventral pso numbers: 2/000/ 1112 in D. rendsinae , 3/ 011/ 3212 in D. doftana and 2-3/000/ 2212 in D. kratochvili as well as by number of vesicles in PAO: 15–17 in D.kratochvili , 11 in D. doftana and 8–10 in D. rendsinae ( Tab. 1 ).

Distribution. Distribution range of D. kratochvili covers several karst regions of the Western Carpathians in their central (Strážovské vrchy Mts, Veľká Fatra Mts, Považský Inovec Mts, Low Tatras, Kozie chrbty Mts, Slovak Paradise, Muránska planina Plateau) and southern parts (Revúcka vrchovina Mts, Slovak and Aggtelek karst). It also occupies Aksamitka Cave in the Pieniny Mts in the north of the Western Carpathians along with other troglobiotic collembolan species‒‒ Neelus koseli Kováč & Papáč, 2010 .

Figures

FIGURE 1. Habitus of Deuteraphorura kratochvili, Suchá jaskyňa Cave, Low Tatras Mts. Photo: Ľ. Kováč & P. Ľuptáčik.

FIGURES 2 – 4. D. kratochvili. 2, chaetotaxy and position of dorsal pso. 3, head ventrally. 4, ventral side of Abd. I – VI.

FIGURES 5 – 9. D. kratochvili. 5, Antennae ‒‒ ms, sensory rods and clubs of AOIII enlarged (lateral view). 6, leg III, lateral view. 7, maxillary outer lobe. 8, Abd. II – III sternum with MVO. 9, labrum.

FIGURE 10 ‒ 13. D. kratochvili. 10 head and Th. I – III ventrally. D. schoenviszkyi. 11. claw of leg I. 12, ventral tube, frontal view. 13. Abd. II – VI ventrally.

FIGURES 14 – 15. D. kratochvili. 14, MVO, adult male. 15, MVO, subadult male.

Tables

TABLE 1. Species of Deuteraphorura group without pso on Th. I and with MVO on Abd. II – III sterna.

Taxa Dorsal pso	Ventral pso formula	Pso subcoxae I	C-row Tita I–III	PAO
D. kratochvili (Nosek, 1963) 33/033/33354	2(3)/00(1)0(1)/2212	222	222	15–17
D. schoenviszkyi (Loksa, 1967) 33/033/33343	2/000/0111	111	211	13–14
* D. doftana Weiner, Fiera, 2014 33/033/33354	3/011/3212	222	211	11
D. rendsinae (Haybach, 1961) 33/033/33354	2/000/1112	222	???	8–10
D. caprelleana Fanciulli, Loreti & 32/033/33354 Dallai, 2010	3/011/3212	112	??1	19–21
* presence of MVO uncertain (only females known)