Allograpta hortensis ( Philippi, 1865 )

Barahona-Segovia, Rodrigo M., Riera, Pamela, Pañinao-Monsálvez, Laura, Guzmán, Vicente Valdés & Henríquez-Piskulich, Patricia, 2021, Updating the knowledge of the flower flies (Diptera: Syrphidae) from Chile: Illustrated catalog, extinction risk and biological notes, Zootaxa 4959 (1), pp. 1-178 : 112-113

Allograpta hortensis ( Philippi, 1865)

Fig. 166

Syrphus hortensis Philippi, 1865: 746

Allograpta hortensis bimaculata Enderlein, 1938: 223 *

Allograpta hortensis quadrimaculata Enderlein, 1938: 223 *

Type locality and data. “ Santiago, Valdivia , Chile ” (T, A, MNHNCL) .

Material examined. Valparaíso: 1♂, El Granizo, 3.I.1964, Leg. N. Hichins ( MNHNCL); 1♀, Quebrada Vergara, 15.IX.1965, Leg. P. Toro ( MNHNCL); 1♀, Playa Ancha, 8.VI.1965, Leg. N. Hichins ( MNHNCL); 1♀, El Salto, 19.XII.1963, Leg. N. Hichins ( MNHNCL); 1♀, Quintero, 22.V.1967, Leg. Solervicens ( MNHNCL); 1♂, ConCon, 6.V.1964, Leg. Hichins ( MNHNCL); 1♀, Cuesta La Dormida, 16.I.1964, Leg. N. Hichins ( MNHNCL); 1♀, Tranque Las Palmas, Villa Alemana, 9.IV.1965, Leg. N. Hichins ( MNHNCL); 1♀, Peñuelas, 27.V.1964, Leg. Hichins ( MNHNCL); 1♂, Las Docas, 10.I.1966, Leg. L. Marnef ( MNHNCL); 1♂, Tranque Recreo, Villa Alemana, 9.IV.1965, Leg. Hichins ( MNHNCL); 1♀, Cuesta El Melón, 15.I.1977, Leg. P. Cerda ( MNHNCL); 1♀, Peñablanca, 12.I.1982, Leg. M. Cerda ( MNHNCL); 1♀, Las Cruces, 24.I.2001, Leg. G. Arriagada ( MNHNCL); 1♂, Colliguay, 19.II.1979, Leg. M. Cerda ( MNHNCL); 1♂, 2♀, MargaMarga, 12.IX.1954, Leg. L.E. Peña ( CNC); Metropolitana: Cuesta La Dormida (Medan & Torreta 2015); 1♂, Caleu, TilTil, 24.X.1993, Leg. M. Cerda ( MNHNCL); surround San Carlos de Apoquindo (Medan & Torreta 2015); 1♂, Cerro San Cristóbal, 4.X.1980, Leg. M. Cerda ( MNHNCL); 1♀, Quebrada Alvarado, 29.I.1979, Leg. P. Cerda ( MNHNCL); 1♀, La Florida, V.1996, Leg. M. Eggeling ( MNHNCL); 1♂, Rangue, 18.XII.1991, Leg. M. Cerda ( MNHNCL); 1♀, El Manzano, 12.XI.1981, Leg. P. Cerda ( MNHNCL); 1♀, Río Colorado, 15.XI.1980, Leg. Cerda ( MNHNCL); 1♀, Lagunillas, 9.II.1969, Leg. Cerda ( MNHNCL); O’Higgins: 2♀, Valle Los Piquenes, 7.II.1964, Leg. L. Peña ( CNC); 1♂, Alcahue, 16.XI.1964, Leg. L. Peña ( CNC); Maule: 1♂, Parque Nacional Radal 7 Tazas, 26.XI.1994, Leg. G. Cerda ( MNHNCL); Ralbún, -36.06, -72. 64, 525 m ( Lander et al. 2009); surround Reserva Nacional Los Queules, -35. 98, -72. 68, 475 m ( Lander et al. 2009); Quiles Alto, -36.04, -72. 71, 375 m ( Lander et al. 2009); Ramadillas, -36.01, - 72.671, 550 m ( Lander et al. 2009); Biobío: 2♀, Caramavida, 25–31.XII.1953, Leg. L.E. Peña ( CNC); 10♀, Pichinahuel, 12–20.II.1953, Leg. L.E. Peña ( CNC); La Araucanía: 1♂, Angol, 9.II.1968, Leg. Cerda ( MNHNCL); 1♂, Paso Pino Hachado, 7.II.2000 Leg. NN ( SAG); 1♀, Lican Ray, 23.II.1988, Leg. M. Cerda ( MNHNCL); 2♀, Temuco, 7.X.1987, Leg. R. Rebolledo ( UFRO); Los Ríos: 1♂, 5♀, Santo Domingo, 01.I.1981, Leg. E. Krahmer ( UACH); 1♂, 2♀, Valdivia, 02.II.1980, Leg. E. Kramer ( UACH); 2♀, ChanChan, 30.I.1989, Leg. E. Krahmer ( UACH); Isla Mancera ( Porter 1927a); Los Lagos: Caulín, Chacao, Chiloé ( Smith-Ramírez et al. 2005); 1♀, El canelo, Ancud, 13.XII.1964, Leg. Hichins ( MNHNCL); 1♀, Dalcahue, II.1961, Leg. L. Peña ( CNC); Aysén: 1♀, Puerto Cisnes, 16.II.1961, Leg. L. Peña ( CNC); 1♀, Río Mañihuales, 26.I.1961, Leg. L. Peña ( CNC); 1♀, Lago Buenos Aires, Chile Chico, 24.XII.1960, Leg. L. Peña ( CNC); Magallanes: 2♂, Estancia Cameron, Bahía Inútil, Tierra del Fuego, 14.XI.1960, Leg. L. Peña ( CNC); 1♀, Porvenir, 35 km south, Bahía Inútil, 6.XII.1960, Leg. L. Peña ( CNC); 1♂, Laguna Amarga, Puerto Natales, 14.XII.1960, Leg, L. Peña ( CNC); 1♀, Puerto Williams, Isla Navarino, 22.XII.1960, Leg. L. Peña ( CNC).

References. Philippi, 1865: 746 (desc.); Williston, 1886: 311 (cat.); Reed, 1888: 311 (cat.); Kertész, 1910: 133 (cat.); Porter, 1921: 447 (cat. dist. & notes); Porter, 1927b: 122 (cat.); Shannon, 1927: 24 (desc.); Shannon & Aubertin, 1933: 131, figs 24a, 24a’ (head) & fig. 25a (abdomen) (key); Porter, 1934: 170 (cat.); Ruiz & Stuardo, 1935: 318 (cat.); Curran, 1936: 12 (key); Sack, 1941: 95 (cat.); Fluke, 1942: 15, fig. 50 (desc. & key); Stuardo, 1946: 123 (cat.); Fluke, 1956: 207 (cat.); Etcheverry, 1963: 11 (cat.); Boyes et al., 1973: 371 (karyotypes); Thompson et al., 1976: 35 (cat.); Zúñiga et al., 1986: 480 (predators of aphids); Camousseight, 2005: 94 (cat.); González & Coscarón, 2005: 347 (distr.); Smith-Ramírez et al., 2005: 412 (pollinator study); Lander et al., 2009: 408 (pollinator study); Mengual et al., 2009: 15 (distr.); Castro & Araya, 2012: 89 (key eggs, puparium, larvae); López et al., 2012: 13 (key); Smith-Ramírez et al., 2014: 6 (ecological study, supplementary material); Medan & Torreta, 2015: 1185 (pollinator study).

World distribution. Argentina and Chile.

Chilean distribution. Known from Valparaíso to Magallanes region ( Fig. 170 ).

Altitudinal range. From coastal to highland ecosystems (5– 2,200 m.a.s.l.).

Biology and notes. Porter (1921) mentioned that professor Stuardo gave him specimens collected from flowers of Aristolochia chilensis . Smith-Ramírez et al., (2005) recorded it in the native tree T. stipularis , while Medan & Torreta (2015) associated it with C. hystrix . Other studies have revealed that the species is crucial for pollen transportation, especially for threatened species such as Gomortega keule (Molina) Baill. or trees whose fruits have local economic importance as Gevuina avellana ( Lander et al., 2009) . This flower fly species has also been observed visiting flowers of E. pectinatus (Gabriela Germain, CSP record); Prunus sp. (Chris Olea, CSP record); Libertia chilensis (Molina) Gunckel (Rodrigo Barahona-Segovia, pers. obs.); Chrysanthemum sp. (Karla Tutera, CSP record); Leucheria sp. (Daniel Llavaneras, CSP record); P. chilensis (Orlando Montes, CSP record); Solenomelus pedunculatus (Gillies ex Hook.) Hochr (César Martínez, CSP record) and Crassula ovata (Miller) Druce (Jaime Ramírez, CSP record). Type probably lost.

Conservation status. LC; EOO = 9,354,163 km 2, AOO = 196 km 2, 34 subpoblaciones and 45 localities.

Figures

FIGURE 170. Distribution map of Allograpta species in Chile: Allograpta exoticus (Wiedemann, 1830) (blue circles); Allograpta hortensis (Philippi, 1865) (red circles); Allograpta pulchra Shannon, 1927 (black circles); Allograpta piurana Shannon, 1927 (green circles) and Allograpta robinsoniana Enderlein, 1938 (yellow circles).

FIGURES 165–167. Allograpta exoticus (Wiedemann, 1830): (165) female in Rosa sp. (photo by Miguel Mellado). Allograpta hortensis (Philippi, 1865): (166) male on Leucheria sp. (photo by Daniel Llavaneras). Allograpta pulchra Shannon, 1927: (167) male on Orizoë sp. (photo by Daniel Llavaneras).