Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) haladanius, Dathe, 2015

Dathe, Holger H., 2015, Studies on the systematics and taxonomy of the genus Hylaeus F. (9) Supplement to the taxonomy and distribution of Afrotropical Hylaeus F. species (Hymenoptera: Anthophila, Colletidae), Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 65 (1), pp. 9-26 : 18-20

Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) haladanius sp. n.

Figures 10–17, 24

Diagnosis: This species is small and dainty, and characterized by its strong sculpture. It exhibits large and shallow punctures on pro- and mesosoma; in contrast, the metasoma is only finely sculptured. The males have remarkably long antennae.

Description: Male. – TL 4.1–4.8 (4.45) mm, WL 3.0–3.4 (3.21) mm.

Head. Proportions HL:HW 0.97–1.00 (0.98), UFW:LFW 1.67–1.81 (1.74), outline approximately circular, with clypeus expanded downward. Scapus black, short conoid, narrower than flagellum, SL:SW 1.7–1.8 (1.78). Flagellum conspicuously long, yellow from segment 1, increasingly becoming darker toward apex and dorsally. Mask white to light yellow, supraclypeal area black, lateral markings tapering to orbits, terminating above bases of scapi. Foveae faciales short, forming raised bars. Clypeus CL:CW 1.34–1.51 (1.42), matt, moderately punctate, punctures with indistinct borders. Supraclypeal area black, basally with only a few large shallow pits; apically narrowed, delimited by high margins, here with close punctation. Frons and vertex nearly without pilosity; area of scapus bases with denser and finer punctation, otherwise with coarse, close punctation. Genae narrowed below, occiput rounded, malar area distinctly formed. Labrum and mandibles black.

Mesosoma compact, slightly elongated, pilosity very sparse and short. Black, bright are only tegulae spots. Pronotum black, distinctly expanded; anterior margin sharp over entire width, with stepped frontbar; dorsolateral angle pointed and bent. Mesonotum and scutellum silkily shining, shagreen with large shallow punctures; mesopleurae similar. Metanotum with sharp wrinkled meshes as on basal area of propodeum. Legs black, white tibial bases, foretibiae in front and whole tarsi. Wings brownish, venation light brown. Propodeum margined, its surface usually shiny; basal and lateral areas delimited by carinae, with raised edges around wrinkled meshes; terminal area surrounded by sharp margins.

Metasoma narrow and slender, black. Sculpture of T1 with microscopic fine grooves, punctation minute, scattered, following terga without punctation. Terga without side fringes on depressions. Terminalia see Fig. 24 ; genital capsule with prolonged gonoforcipes, these blackened in apical region; S8 compact with short lobes only as in curvicarinatus-group(2); S7 also similar to H. curvicarinatus , but with reduced lobes and without bristles.

Female. – TL 4.7–5.5 (5.10) mm, WL 3.2–3.8 (3.49) mm.

Head. Proportions HL:HW 0.98–1.01 (0.99), UFW:LFW 1.49–1.60 (1.55), outline rounded trapezoid, scarcely hairy. Scapus black; flagellum of normal length, black, basoventrally partly yellow. Face totally black, in a few specimens ( Central African Republic) with tiny white spots below on paraocular areas. Fovea facialis short, expanded and more distinct on vertex; foveal groove continues downwards as narrow wrinkled line, sepa- rated from adjacent face by a distict edge; this structure continues nearly around complex eye. Clypeus CL:CW 1.11–1.20 (1.16), shagreen, silkily shining, punctation only superficial and unclear. Upper supraclypeal area narrow, almost parallel-sided, above merging widely into the frons. Frons and vertex with moderate, dense punctation, scapus area densely but unclearly punctate, with white tomentum. Genae with large shallow punctation, occiput marginate, malar areas significant. Labrum with horseshoe-shaped callus, mandibles rounded bilobed.

Mesosoma extended, slightly depressed, without pilosity. Coloration entirely black, only tegulae with light spots. Pronotum black, expanded, front margin raised, dorsolateral angle bent. Mesonotum and scutellum shagreen, silkily shining, with strong, dense punctation; mesopleura similarly sculptured to mesonotum, punctation larger and shallower; omaulus edged. Metanotum matt, strongly punctate. Legs entirely black, without light marks. Wing membrane brown, venation brown. Propodeum margined; basal area with marginally limited meshes similar to males, but not quite as pronounced; terminal area enclosed by sharp margins.

Metasoma slender spindle-shaped, black. T1 very finely shagreen, silkily shining, with only extremely minute, scattered punctation or without punctures, the following terga without punctation. Depressions of T1 with sparse ciliar fringes. Ventral end of fringe light yellowish.

Distribution: Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Nigeria, South Africa, Zambia.

Type material: 18 ♂, 41 ♀.

Holotypus: ♂ Burundi: Ruvubu National Park , Ruvubu River, 02°59.20'S 30°28.12'E, 1401 m, 05.11.2010, C.D. Eardley lg. – In coll. SANC .

Paratypes: Burundi: Ruvubu National Park , Ruvubu River, 02°59'20"S 30°28'12"E, 1401 m, 05.11.2010, 2 ♂ 4 ♀ (same data as holotype), C.D. Eardley lg. – In coll. SANC, SDEI .

Cameroon: Adamaoua: Beka nr Ngaoundere, 07°17'N 13°19'E, 24.07.1987 , 3 ♂ 3 ♀, on Sapindaceae ; Adamaoua: de Banyo à Tibati, 06°37'N 12°07'E, 26.07.1987, 3 ♂ 12 ♀; Adamaoua: Louga W Ngaoundere, 07°05'N 13°12'E, 24.07.1987, 1 ♂ 1 ♀; Adamaoua: Massif du Mbam, Jakiri, 06°01'N 10°33'E, 22.07.1987, 1 ♀; Adamaoua: Mayo- Darlé, 06°28'N 11°33'E, 24.07.1987, 1 ♂ 1 ♀; Adamaoua: Tékel, 06°47'N 13°10'E, 24.07.1987, 6 ♂ 13 ♀. W Wum, 06°24'N 10°03'E, 20.–07.1987, 2 ♀; all A. Pauly lg. – In coll. RBINS .

Central African Republic: 85 km NW Bangui, 04°46'N 18°04'E, 380 m, 04.04.2010, 2 ♀ ; 90 km N Carnot , 05°36'N 15°54'E, 820 m, 03.06.2009, 1 ♀; all J. Halada lg. – In coll. OLBL, SDEI .

Nigeria: Gashaka Gumfi NP, 30 km SE Serti env., 07°21'N 11°32'E, ca. 450 m, 24.04.– 08.05.2011, 1 ♀, J. Halada lg. – In coll. OLBL .

South Africa: Eastern Cape: 18 km S Vosburg , 30°55'48"S 24°56'05"E, 31.01.2011, 1 ♂, C.D. Eardley lg. – In coll. SANC .

Zambia: 35 km S Kasama , 10°30'S 31°12'E, 1250 m, 12.12.2009, 1 ♀, F. Kantner lg. – In coll. OLBL .

Flower visit: On flowers of Harungana madagascariensis (Hypericaceae) and Sapindaceae ; all records from Cameroon by A. PAULY.

Derivatio nominis: The new species is dedicated to members of the Halada family (Hamr near Chlum u Třeboně, Czech Republic). Jiři Halada, the senior, and his sons Marek and Michal collected – sometimes together with other Czech partners – extensive material of Hylaeus from numerous African countries and provided much of their collection to the Biology Centre of the Oberösterreichisches Landesmuseum, Linz ( Austria). The material was collected with expertise, the specimens are excellently prepared – it is a joy to work with.

Discussion: This species was discovered only in the wake of a comprehensive revision of the subgenus Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) ( DATHE 2014) . Although it had been represented in the checked material, it was not recognized because of its strikingly coarse sculpture on head and mesosoma and was initially assigned to other subgenera for which such features are characteristic. These include in particular the Hylaeus subgenera Metylaeus and Alfkenylaeus .

The new species is consistent with Metylaeus species in the sculpture of the pro- and mesosoma, the anteriorly sharp and laterally tapered pronotum, a margined omaulus and sharp margins around the terminal area of the propodeum; in contrast, H. haladanius spec. nov. has no occipital carina, the metanotum is evenly rounded and punctate and without any remarkable callosities or projections. The male terminalia ( Fig. 24 ) are fundamentally different from Metylaeus . They appear rather similar to H. xanthostoma as a reduced variant. Within the subgenus Deranchylaeus the new species more closely resembles H. xanthostoma , because of its similarly coarse thoracic sculpture, at least in the Western populations, for which a larger geographical variation was observed ( DATHE 2014: 76 ).

The present example shows again quite well the mosaic-like distribution of character complexes, which is apparently characteristic of Afrotropical Hylaeus species. There are few characters that separate individual groups. The sickle-shaped mandibles of Nothylaeus are a rare example But they are probably the exception, because even the stylus formation of the gonoforcipes of the male genital capsule can be found in similar forms: even in Alfkenylaeus and Deranchylaeus species. Thornlike structures are common in Cornylaeus (metasoma) and Metylaeus (mesosoma), but they may be missing even in individuals of the same species. Correspondingly, it is difficult to write straightforward and yet

Figures

Figs 22–25: Male terminalia: metasomal sterna 7 and 8 (S7, S8), genital capsule. – 22 Hylaeus (Alfkenylaeus) euphorbiae spec. nov. – 23 Hylaeus (Cornylaeus) adamauanis spec. nov. – 24 Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) haladanius spec. nov. – 25 Hylaeus (Pumilaeus) pumilus spec. nov., S7: left ventral view, right dorsal view. – Scale 0.2 mm.