Plagiorhynchus (Plagiorhynchus)

Dimitrova, Zlatka, 2009, Acanthocephalans of the nominotypical subgenus of Plagiorhynchus (Plagiorhynchidae) from charadriiform birds in the collection of the Natural History Museum, London, with a key to the species of the subgenus, ZooKeys 6 (6), pp. 75-90 : 86-87

Key to the species of the Plagiorhynchus (Plagiorhynchus)

1 Trunk elongate-cylindrical, linear, up to 50-80.7 mm long ......................... 2 – Trunk shorter (up to 30 mm), with different shape..................................... 3

2 Trunk up to 50 mm long; proboscis with 18 longitudinal rows of 12-18 hooks per row (in Charadriiformes : Europe)................................................. ............................................... P. linearis (Westrumb, 1821) Golvan, 1956

– Trunk up to 80.7 mm long; proboscis with 24 longitudinal rows of 18 hooks per row (in Charadriiformes : Europe)....... P. totani (Porta, 1910) Golvan, 1956

3 Female genital pore distinctly subterminal .................................................. 4 – Female genital pore terminal or slightly subterminal ................................... 5

4 Trunk smooth; proboscis with 15-16 longitudinal rows of 14-16 hooks per row; eggs 50-82 µm long (in Passeriformes : North America)......................... ..................................................... P. paulus Van Cleave & Williams, 1951

– Trunk with pseudosegmentation; proboscis with 20-25 longitudinal rows of 16-17 hooks per row; eggs 118-130 µm long (in Charadriiformes : Ukraine) .......................................................................... P. ponticus Lisitsina, 1992

5 Maximum length of proboscis up to 1.23 mm, with 16-23 longitudinal rows of 11-20 hooks per row; nerve ganglion in middle region of proboscis receptacle ............................................................................................................ 6

– Proboscis longer (1.8-2.58 mm long), with 25-26 longitudinal rows of 30-38 hooks per row; nerve ganglion in posterior region of proboscis receptacle (in Passeriformes : Australia).......... P. menurae (Johnston, 1912) Golvan, 1956

6 Trunk ovoid to fusiform; maximum length of hooks 44-45 µm; last 1-5 hooks spiniform, with posteriorly directed roots ................................................... 7

– Trunk fusiform to subcylindrical; maximum length of hooks 50-65 µm; last 2-6 hooks spiniform, sometimes with manubrium...................................... 8

7 Trunk ovoid; proboscis 0.6-0.7 mm long, with 18-20 longitudinal rows of 11-14 hooks per row (in Charadriiformes : Europe)....................................... ..................................................... P. crassicollis (Villot, 1875) Lühe, 1911

– Trunk elongate-fusiform; proboscis 0.8-1.23 mm long, with 17-22 longitudinal rows of 14-19 hooks per row (in Charadriiformes : Europe).................. ....................................................................... P. odhneri Lundström, 1942

8 Trunk subcylindrical; proboscis with 16-20 longitudinal rows of 15-19 hooks per row; lemnisci 3.0- 5.1 mm long; eggs 90-120 µm long .......................... 9

– Trunk fusiform; proboscis with 18-23 longitudinal rows of 14-20 hooks per row; lemnisci 1.1 mm long; eggs 134-154 µm long (in Charadriiformes : New Zealand) .............................................................. P. allisonae Smales, 2002

9 Females 8.0 mm long; lemnisci 5.1 mm long (in Charadriiformes : Russia)... ............................................................... P. lemnisalis Belopol’skaya, 1958

– Females longer than 10 mm; lemnisci 3.0- 4.5 mm long............................ 10

10 Males 9.6 mm long, females 11.5 mm long;15-19 hooks per row; last 3-4 hooks without root or with short anterior manubrium; genital pore on a caudal nodule (in Charadriiformes ; Asia, Europe, Australia, Central America)... .................... P. charadrii ( Yamaguti, 1939) Van Cleave & Williams, 1951

– Males 9-13 mm long, females 17-23 mm long; 15-17 hooks per row; last 2-3 hooks with rectangular root with anterior and posterior manubrium; genital pore not on a caudal nodule (in Charadriiformes : Morocco, Europe) ........... .......................................... P. charadriicola (Dollfus, 1953) Golvan, 1956