Tomarus pumilus ( Prell, 1937 )

López-García, Margarita M. & Deloya, Cuauhtémoc, 2022, Cladistic analysis reveals polyphyly of Tomarus (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae): new classification and taxonomic revision, Zootaxa 5211 (1), pp. 1-119 : 68-69

Tomarus pumilus ( Prell, 1937)

( Figs. 1K , 16N , 20E , 28E ; 47 )

Ligyrus pumilus Prell, 1937: 90 . Original combination.

Male lectotype designated by Endrödi (1969: 71) (NHMB) “Corralitos // Ligyrus / pumilus / ♂ -Type // Lectotypus / Ligyrus / pumilus / Prell / Endrody // TOMARUS / PUMILUS / (PRELL) / det. B.C. Ratcliffe 2011”. Type locality: Corralito, Córdoba, Argentina.

Ligyrus rosettae Endrödi, 1968: 68 . Synonym.

Male holotype (HNHM) “ Holotypus / Ligyrus / rosettae / Endr. // Proc. San Clemente del Tuyu Arg. / Prov. Bs. Aires, xii.49 // Museum Frey / München // KEYENCE 105”. Male paratype (HNHM) “Proc. San Clemente / del Tuyu Arg. / Prov. Bs. Aires. xii.49 // Paratypus / Ligyrus / rosettae / Endr.”. Female paratype (HNHM) “Mendoza / Rep. Arg. / v.26 // Chili / Faz ded. // Paratypus / Ligyrus / rosettae / Endr.” Male paratype (HNHM) “Mendoza / Rep. Arg. / v.26 // Chili / Faz ded. // Ligyrus / scarabaeinus Pertÿ // Paratypus / Ligyrus / rosettae / Endr.” Type locality: San Clemente del Tuyu , Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Description. Habitus as in Fig. 28E . Length 19.2–23.6 mm; humeral width 9.1–12.3 mm. Color dark reddish brown to black. Head: Frons coarsely rugose. Frontoclypeal region with 2 transverse tubercles ( Fig. 1K ), separated by about 3 tubercle diameters. Clypeus narrowed towards apex, base 3.8 wider than apex. Clypeal teeth triangular, separated by less than a tooth diameter. Mandible with 2 apical teeth and a lateral, narrowly rounded tooth. Mentum abruptly constricted at apical 3rd. Galea of maxilla with teeth 5 and 6 well developed. Interocular distance equal to 4.1 times an eye width. Pronotum: Surface with dense, large punctures. Apical tubercle small, rounded. Fovea shallow, striate, narrow (1/5 as wide as interocular distance). Scutellum: Surface with minute, sparse punctures. Elytra: First interval punctate, punctures similar in size to the other intervals; sutural stria complete. Inner surface of apex with rounded, small tubercles forming 38 parallel lines. Abdomen: Apex of tergite IV with a triangular wide area with large, elongate tubercles forming about 16 diagonal parallel lines. Pygidium with dense rugosity on basal 3rd; apex regularly rounded. Venter: Apex of prosternal process flat, longitudinally oval. Metasternum with short, sparse setae on anterior angles. Legs: Protibia tridentate with an additional inconspicuous, basal convexity. Metatibia triangular; apex slightly crenulate, with 21–27 spinules. Male genitalia: Spiculum gastrale without basal plates. Phallobase 1.1 times longer than parameres. Parameres with lateral teeth short, acute; apical half narrowed, apices outwards ( Figs. 16N , 20E ). Internal sac with copulatory lamella and short lamellar spiny belt; with a complex of 1–3 spine-like, accessory lamellae, with dense granules at base.

Diagnosis. Tomarus pumilus can be recognized by the following character combination: frontal tubercles transverse ( Fig. 1K ); pronotal fovea and tubercle inconspicuous ( Fig. 28E ); pronotum deeply and densely punctate; metasternum with sparse, minute setae on anterior angles; internal sac with a complex of 1–3 spine-like, accessory lamellae; and parameres with lateral teeth short, triangular, acute; apical half narrowed, apices outwards ( Figs. 16N , 20E ).

Distribution. Argentina.

Locality records ( Fig. 47 ). 20 examined specimens from HNHM, NHUMB, and USNM. Some records from Neita-Moreno & Ratcliffe (2017). ARGENTINA (33). Buenos Aires (4) : Buenos Aires ; San Clemente del Tuyu ; Villa Gesell. Catamarca (1) : Catamarca. Córdoba (4): Corralito; Tanti. Mendoza (16): Mendoza; Pedregal; Potrerillos; Puente del Inca-Las Heras ; San Rafael; Telteca-La Valle. Río Negro (5) : Allen; General Roca. Salta (1): Urundel. San Juan (2): Jachal; San Juan.

Natural history. Adults are attracted to lights at night ( Neita-Moreno & Ratcliffe 2017) and are mainly found between November and March.

Figures

FIGURE 1. Head. A) Euligyrus ebenus, B) Proculigyrus cicatricosus, C) Ligyrus (Ligyrodes) peruvianus, D) L. (Anagrylius) moroni, E) L. (Ligyrus) ruginasus, F) L. (Ligyrus) nasutus, G) L. (Ligyrus) bidentulus, H) Tomarus adoceteus, I) T. maimon, J) T. pullus, K) T. pumilus.

FIGURE 16. Parameres in frontal view. A) Tomarus adoceteus, B) T. amazonicus, C) T. bituberculatus, D) T. colombianus, E) T. discrepans, F) T. gyas, G) T. laevicollis, H) T. laticaudus, I) T. maimon, J) T. maracaiboensis, K) T. maternus, L) T. pilcopataensis, M) T. pullus, N) T. pumilus, O) T. roigjunenti, P) T. rostratus, Q) T. selanderi, R) T. subtropicus.

FIGURE 20. Parameres in lateral view. A) Tomarus maracaiboensis, B) T. maternus, C) T. pilcopataensis, D) T. pullus, E) T. pumilus, F) T. roigjunenti, G) T. rostratus, H) T. selanderi, I) T. subtropicus.

FIGURE 28. Habitus of the species of Tomarus: A) Tomarus maracaiboensis, B) T. maternus, C) T. pilcopataensis, D) T. pullus, E) T. pumilus, F) T. roigjunenti, G) T. rostratus, H) T. selanderi, I) T. subtropicus. Scale bar: 5 mm.

FIGURE 47. Distributional records of Tomarus pilcopataensis, T. roigjunenti, and T. pumilus.