Pieris echioides, L.

Tutin, T. G., Heywood, V. H., Burges, N. A., Moore, D. M., Valentine, D. H., Walters, S. M. & Webb, D. A., 1976, Flora Europaea. Volume 4. Plantaginaceae to Compositae (and Rubiaceae), Cambridge University Press : 316

2. P. echioides L. , Sp. Pl. 792 (1753)

elmintia echioides (L.) Gaertner ).

Annual or biennial. Stems 30-90 cm, with rigid, often tubercle-based hairs and often with some slender spines. Leaves with numerous unequal, rigid hairs, the larger thickened at the base or tubercle-based, and often with scattered spines; basal 35-250 x 15-100 mm, elliptical to oblanceolate or oblongoblanceolate, obtuse to acute, sinuate to dentate, narrowed at base into a winged petiole; lower cauline similar to basal but with semiamplexicaul petioles, the upper lanceolate to ovate, sessile, amplexicaul. Capitula numerous. Involucre 12-20 x 10-15 mm; bracts with pectinate-ciliate margins, the outer ovate-cordate, acuminate the inner lanceolate, slightly longer than the outer. Achenes 5-7 mm, transversely muricate, with beak about as long as the body, the inner reddish-brown, more or less straight, the outer whitish, curved. 2« =10. S. Europe’, widely naturalized further north, though often inconstant in its appearances. Al Az BI Bu Co Cr Ga Gr Hs It Ju Lu *Rs (K) Sa Tu [Au Be Br Cz Ge Hb He Ho Hu Po Rm].