Tumeochrysa indica Needham, 1909

Hassan, Muhammad Asghar & Liu, Xingyue, 2022, The green lacewings of Pakistan (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae): a faunal review with new records of genera and species, Zootaxa 5180 (1), pp. 1-83 : 20-21

Tumeochrysa indica Needham, 1909

( Figs 12–14 , 54 )

Tumeochrysa indica Needham, 1909: 204 . Type locality: India.

Diagnosis and notes

It is hard to determine Tumeochrysa indica without examining the male genitalia, but the photographs provided by Needham (1909) for the right fore- and hindwings, and the female genitalia by Ghosh (1991) for T. indica are almost identical to our examined specimens from Pakistan. Therefore, we follow Needham (1909) and Ghosh (1991) and identified our Tumeochrysa specimens to be T. indica . Unfortunately, the male genitalia of the examined specimen was damaged. It is necessary to find the male specimen of T. indica in Pakistan for further verification of our identification.

Redescription

Measurements (♂ n=1?, ♀ n=1). Forewing: length ♀ 24.0 mm, width 5.7 mm; hindwing: length ♀ 21.5 mm, width 5.1 mm; body length: ♂ 12.0 mm, ♀ 11.8 mm.

Head ( Figs 13A–H ). Vertex yellow, unmarked. Postorbital sclerite yellow, unmarked. Frons, clypeus, genae, and labrum yellow, unmarked. Maxillary and labial palpi yellow, covered with short black setae. Antennal toruli yellow. Antennae shorter than forewing (length 13.7–16.9 mm), yellow, unmarked, covered with short black setae. Scape yellow, more prominent and narrowly separated in males.

Thorax ( Fig. 13E ). Pronotum slightly wider than long (length ♂ 0.90 mm, ♀ 0.94 mm, width ♂ 1.56 mm, ♀ 1.66 mm), yellow, with an indistinct brownish spot laterally, covered with short dark brown setae ( Fig. 13G ). Meso- and metanotum yellow, sparsely covered with short dark brown setae.

Legs ( Figs 13A, D ). Pale yellow, unmarked, covered with short brownish setae. Pretarsal claws with distinct basal dilation, quadrate at base ( Fig. 13I ).

Wings ( Fig. 12 ). Veins pale green, covered with short brownish setae. Forewing: Costal area relatively narrow at both ends, slightly wider at the longest subcostal veinlets (4–16). Subcostal area with seven crossveins below pterostigma. Pterostigma white. 20 radial cells (r cell); a few radial crossveins at subdistal margin oblique. Three Banksian cells (b cell); nine lower Banksian cells (b’ cell). Basal crossvein between Rs and M (r-m 1) oblique, meets at subdistal margin of im cell. Three series of gradates, outer gradates meet psm; 18 inner gradates (ig), 10 middle gradates (md) and 12 outer gradates (og). Two intramedian cells; first intramedian cell (im1) ovate. Second (m2) and third (m3) median cells of similar size. Three intracubital cells (two closed); first cubital crossvein proximal to second mediocubital crossvein (m-cu2); first (icu1), second (icu2) and third (icu3) intracubital cells of similar size. Hindwing: Veins pale green. Costal area narrow. Subcostal area with seven crossveins below pterostigma. Pterostigma white. 19 radial cells (r cell); radial branches oblique. Three Banksian cells (b cell); eight lower Banksian cells (b’ cell). Three series of gradates, outer gradates meet psm; 15 inner gradates, seven middle gradates (md) and nine outer gradates.

Abdomen ( Figs 13D–E ). Tergum pale yellow, with lateral margins narrowly dark brown stripes, covered with short brown setae. Sternum pale yellow, covered with short brown setae.

Female genitalia ( Figs 14A–E ). Tergum 8 (T8) subtrapezoidal in lateral view. T9+ect quadrate in lateral view. Sternum 7 (S7) quadrate in ventral view. Gonaphophyses lateralis (gl) oblong in lateral view. Callus cerci (cc) oblong, with 36–39 trichobothria. Subgenitale (sg) broad, quadrate, bilobed distally, heavily sclerotized. Spermatheca (sm) small, rounded, doughnut-shaped, with distinct median rounded invagination (inv) in lateral view. Spermathecal duct (sd) long, cylindrical, attached to bursa copulatrix (bc).

Figures

FIGURE 12. Tumeochrysa indica Needham. Female. Dorsal habitus. Scale bar: 5.0 mm.

FIGURE 13. Tumeochrysa indica Needham. A. Male lateral habitus; B. Head, frontal view; C. Head and pronotum, dorsal view; D. Female lateral habitus; E. Same, dorsal habitus; F. Head, frontal view; G. Head and thorax, dorsal view; H. Same, lateral view; I. Hind pretarsal claw. Scale bars: 2.0 mm (A, E–F), 0.5 mm (B–C, F–H).

FIGURE 14. Tumeochrysa indica Needham. A. Female genitalia, lateral view; B. Same, ventral view; C. Spermatheca, lateral view; D. Same, ventral view; E. Subgenitale, dorsal view. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A–B). Abbreviations: cc = callus cerci; gl = gonaphophyses lateralis; T = tergum; T9+ect = fused ninth tergite and ectoproct; S = sternum; S8+9 = fused eighth and ninth sternites; sg = subgenitale; sm = spermatheca; vel = spermathecal vellum.

FIGURE 54. Distribution map of the Tumeochrysa species from Pakistan.