Viola langeana Valentine (1968: 57)

Magrini, Sara, 2019, Typification of Iberian names in Viola Sect. Melanium (Violaceae) with nomenclatural notes, Phytotaxa 399 (2), pp. 147-159 : 151

Viola langeana Valentine (1968: 57)

Replaced synonym:— Viola caespitosa Lange in Willkomm & Lange (1880: 701) nom. illeg., non D. Don (1825: 205).

Synonyms:— Viola lutea Hudson (1762: 331) subsp. caespitosa [Lange] Nyman (1889: 47) ≡ Viola arvensis Murray subsp. caespitosa [Lange] W. Becker (1904: 40, 48).

Lectotype (designated here): — SPAIN. Extremadura:“ Rocailles de la region alpine, Sierra de Majareina audessus de Gerte près Placencia ”, 7 June 1863, Bourgeau E. 2392, “Plantes d’Espagne” [C10020233!, sub Viola tricolor var. (Coss.), Fig. 4 ]; syntypes: in BM, COI, P and W ( BM000751774 , COI00059985 , P04648213 , W0075472 ).

Notes:— Viola langeana Valentine (1968) was published as a replacement name for V. caespitosa Lange (1863) , an illegitimate later homonym of V. caespitosa D. Don (1825) . According to Art. 7.4 of ICN ( Turland et al. 2018) the type of Viola langeana is typified by the type of the replaced synonym, V. caespitosa Lange (non D.Don).

Lange described Viola caespitosa in Prodromus Florae Hispanicae (Willkomm & Lange 1878) on a specimen of “ Viola tricolor var. Coss. in Bourg. exs. 1863, n. 2392! ” collected “ In locis glareosis regionis alpinae mont. Sierra de Majareina supra Jerte ad Placencia ”. For the typification, specimens among the exsiccata belonging to such gathering were selected. As the author failed to designate the type, a lectotype is chosen among the five syntypes belonging to the cited collection traced in BM, C, COI, P, and W (Art. 9.6 and 40.2 Note 1, Turland et al. 2018). As Joannes Lange was a Danish botanist who worked in Copenhagen, the specimen preserved in the Herbarium of the Natural History Museum of Denmark (C) was considered part of the original material according to Art. 9.4 of ICN ( Turland et al. 2018) and chosen as lectotype ( Fig. 4 ).

Viola langeana is an Iberian endemic, limited to the mountains of the Western part of the Central System.

Viola longifolia Lázaro Ibiza (1919: 409)

Heterotypic synonym:— Viola arvensis Murray.

Lectotype (designated by Bueno et al. 1985):— SPAIN. León : Villablino , June, Lázaro s.n. ( MAF55069 ).

Notes: —The name Viola longifolia was published by Lázaro Ibiza (1919) describing a big annual pansy (30–40 cm tall) with long lanceolate leaves and small pale yellow flowers, observed in the mountains of León, in North-Western Spain. The specimen designated as the lectotype by Bueno et al. (1985) was traced among the original material in MAF collected in the localities cited in the protologue (Villablino, Busdongo, Villamanin). It was chosen because it is exactly the specimen in the photograph indicated by Lázaro Ibiza as the iconography of the species ( Lámina IV ).

Figures

FIGURE 4. Lectotype of Viola langeana (C10020233!) (reproduced with permission of the Natural History Museum of Denmark).