Burnettweldia corallina ( Bassett, 1890 ) Melika & Pujade-Villar & Nicholls & Cuesta-Porta & Stone, 2021

Melika, George, Pujade-Villar, Juli, Nicholls, James A., Cuesta-Porta, Victor & Stone, Graham N., 2021, Three new Nearctic genera of oak cynipid gall wasps (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini): Burnettweldia Pujade-Villar, Melika & Nicholls, Nichollsiella Melika, Pujade-Villar & Stone, Disholandricus Melika, Pujade-Villar & Nicholls; and re-establishment of the genus Paracraspis Weld, Zootaxa 4993 (1), pp. 1-81 : 21-24

Burnettweldia corallina ( Bassett, 1890) , comb. nov.

Figs 52–64 , 93

Holcaspis corallinus Bassett, 1890: 66 , female, gall.

Disholcaspis corallina (Bassett) : Dalla Torre 1893: 55.

Disholcaspis corallina (Bassett) : Dalla Torre & Kieffer, 1910: 377.

Cynips corallina (Bassett) : Fullaway 1911: 343.

Disholcaspis corallina (Bassett) : Weld 1951: 639.

Disholcaspis corallina (Bassett) : Weld 1952a: 317.

Type examined. Type of this species was not found in AMNH, NYC and USNM, Washington, D.C. We were unable to locate where the type is deposited .

Material examined. Nine females: 4 females „ USA, California, 30km SW of Williams, on Q. douglasii, CA 508 and CA521 , gall type 132; coll. 2007.11.02, leg. J.A. Nicholls ”; 5 females „ USA, California, Clearlake , on Q. douglasii, CA 543, gall type 132; coll. 2007.11.03, leg. J.A. Nicholls ”. All specimens are deposited in the collection of PHDNRL. One specimen USNMENT-00960308 was examined by CC-McE .

Diagnosis. Most closely resembles B. californicordazi sp. nov., see the Diagnosis to B. californicordazi above.

Description. Asexual female ( Figs 52–64 ). Head, mandibles, palpi maxillaris and labialis uniformly rusty brown, except dark brown area around occipital foramen and postgenal bridge; antenna dark brown, except slightly lighter scape and pedicel; propleuron, propodeum dark brown; mesoscutellum and mesoscutum uniformly reddish brown; all coxae, trochanter, femura uniformly rusty brown, tibiae and tarsi dark brown; metasoma rusty brown, except dark brown to black anterodorsal and anterolateral 1/3 of second metasomal tergum.

Head reticulate, with dense white setae, less dense on frons, 2.0x as broad as long in dorsal view; 1.4x as broad as high and slightly narrower than mesosoma in frontal view. Gena reticulate, broadened behind eye in frontal view, as broad as transverse diameter of eye in lateral view. Malar space reticulate, without striae and sulcus; eye 3.4x as high as length of malar space. Inner margins of eyes slightly diverge ventrally. POL 2.0x as long as OOL; OOL 1.5x as long as diameter of lateral ocellus, equal to length of LOL; ocelli ovate, all three equal in size. Transfacial distance 1.1x as long as height of eye and 1.8x as long as height of lower face (distance between antennal rim and ventral margin of clypeus); diameter of antennal torulus slightly longer than distance between them, distance between torulus and eye margin 1.1x as long as diameter of torulus. Lower face reticulate, without striae, with elevated median reticulate area, with dense setae. Clypeus trapezoid, flat, broader than high, smooth, glabrous, with deep anterior tentorial pits, deep epistomal sulcus and deep clypeo-pleurostomal line; ventrally rounded, emarginate, not incised medially. Frons and interocellar area reticulate; small triangular area under central ocellus reticulate, glabrous. Vertex, occiput uniformly reticulate. Postgena reticulate, with sparse white setae, postocciput around occipital foramen impressed, smooth, glabrous; posterior tentorial pits large, deep, elongate; height of oral foramen shorter than height of postgenal bridge+occipital foramen; occipital foramen as high as height of postgenal bridge; hypostomal carina emarginate, continuing into postgenal sulcus; postgenal sulci bent outwards anteriorly; postgenal bridge smooth, glabrous, anteriorly diverging, broader than width of occipital foramen. Antenna slightly longer than head+mesosoma, with 13 flagellomeres, pedicel 1.4x as long as broad, F1 1.4x as long as scape+pedicel, 1.2x as long as F2, F2 1.3x as long as F3, F3 slightly longer than F4, F5 longer than F6, all subsequent flagellomeres nearly equal in length, F12=F13; placodeal sensilla on F4–F13.

Mesosoma as long as high in lateral view. Pronotum delicately coriaceous, with white setae, without striae laterally, emarginate, foveolate along lateral edge; propleuron delicately coriaceous, with dense white setae. Mesoscutum uniformly reticulate, with dense white setae and pilifeous points; nearly as long as broad (width measured across base of tegulae). Notaulus incomplete, extending to half the length of the mesoscutum or slightly shorter; broadest at most posterior end and gradually narrowing until anterior end, with smooth, glabrous bottom. Anterior parallel line indicated by broad smooth, glabrous stripe, extending to slightly more than half the length of mesoscutum. Parapsidal line slightly impressed, indicated by smooth, glabrous broad stripe, extending to half length of mesoscutum, reaching above tegula; parascutal carina narrow, deep, smooth, glabrous, reaching pronotum. Median mesoscutal line absent. Transscutal articulation deep, distinct. Mesoscutellum nearly as long as broad, shorter than mesoscutum, uniformly coriaceous, with dense white setae, trapezoid; broadest part at the most posterior end; carinate laterally and posteriorly, slightly overhanging metanotum; mesoscutellar foveae transverse, 2.0x as broad as high, with smooth, glabrous bottom, divided by narrow triangular central elevated carina. Mesopleuron uniformly reticulate, with dense white setae and few pilifeous points; mesopleural triangle coriaceous, with dense white setae. Metapleural sulcus reaching mesopleuron slightly below half of its height, upper part of sulcus indistinct, hidden by dense white setae; dorsal and lateral axillar areas delicately coriaceous, with dense setae; axillar carina broad, with longitudinal striae; subaxillular bar narrow, smooth, glabrous, triangular, at most posterior end higher than the height of metanotal trough. Metascutellum reticulate, slightly shorter than height of smooth, glabrous ventral impressed area; circumscutellar carina present; metanotal trough smooth, shining, with sparse white setae. Lateral propodeal carinae complete, distinctly curved, slightly bent outwards; central propodeal area smooth, glabrous, without wrinkles or setae; lateral propodeal area coriaceous, with dense white setae; nucha short, dorsally smooth, glabrous, laterally dull rugose. Tarsal claws with acute basal lobe.

Forewing longer than body, with distinct brown veins, wing margin with short cilia; radial cell 3.9x as long as broad, R1 and Rs not reaching wing margin; areolet triangular, well-delimited by distinct veins; Rs+M distinct on 4/5 of distance between areolet and basalis, its projection reaching basalis at mid-height.

Metasoma longer than head+mesosoma, longer than high in lateral view, with dense setae; second metasomal tergum extending to 2/3 of metasoma length in dorsal view, smooth, glabrous dorsally; micropunctate posterolaterally to 1/3 of tergum length, with dense white setae and piliferous points; all subsequent terga micropunctate, with dense white setae; hypopygium punctate; prominent part of ventral spine of hypopygium short, as broad as long, with parallel sides; with dense long white setae, reaching far beyond apex of spine and forming a tuft. Body length 3.4–3.9 mm (n = 10).

Gall. ( Fig 93 ). Detachable, monolocular gall occurring singly or in clusters of 2–4 at the base of leaf petioles. The gall is orange, yellow, or reddish when mature, 10–11 mm wide, with club-like, 2 mm long projections; in some galls the surface projections are reduced to rounded bumps or tubercles. The surface of the gall is delicately pubescent. Parenchyma of the gall is thick, hard, crystalline, reddish pink; the larval chamber thick-walled, oval, located at the gall base, above point of attachment. Young galls are yellow-green, growing directly from young stems, coated with velvety, whitish stellate pile. Over time a black sooty mould grows on mature galls, and they become hard and lignified ( Burnett 1977, Russo 2006).

Biology. Galls develop in summer, mature in November; adults emerge aftersoon. Galls on Q. douglasii ( Burks 1979, authors).

Distribution. USA: California ( Burks 1979); San Joaquin Valley, CA ( Burnett 1977).

Figures

FIGURES 52–57. Burnettweldia corallina, comb. nov., asexual female. 52–55, head: 52, frontal view, 53, dorsal view, 54, lateral view, 55, posterior view. 56, antenna. 57, mesosoma and propleura, frontal view.

FIGURES 58–61. Burnettweldia corallina, comb. nov., asexual female. 58, mesosoma, lateral view. 59, mesoscutum, dorsal view. 60, mesoscutellum, dorsal view. 61, metascutellum and propodeum, posterodorsal view.

FIGURES 62–64. Burnettweldia corallina, comb. nov., asexual female. 62, forewing. 63–64, metasoma: 63, lateral view, 64, ventral view.

FIGURES 89–96. Burnettweldia asexual galls. 89–91, B. californicordazi, sp. nov.. 92, B. conalis, comb. nov.. 93, B. corallina, comb. nov.. 94–95, B. plumbella, comb. nov.. 96, B. washingtonensis, comb. nov.. Fig 95 courtesy of J. Gross.