Charmus saradieli Kovařík, Lowe, Ranawana, Hoferek et Jayarathne, 2016

Kovařík, František, Lowe, Graeme, Ranawana, Kithsiri B., Hoferek, David & Š, V. A., 2016, Scorpions of Sri Lanka (Scorpiones Buthidae, Chaerilidae, Scorpionidae) with description of four new species of the genera Charmus Karsch, 1879 and Reddyanus Vachon, 1972, stat n, Euscorpius 220, pp. 1-133 : 28-29

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.18590/euscorpius.2016.vol2016.iss220.1
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:DD0DF45D-F63A-4AA2-8EFF-03CF99E297EF
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7120980
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/CCA71154-E551-49C4-B328-E84B86656252
taxon LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:act:CCA71154-E551-49C4-B328-E84B86656252
treatment provided by	Felipe
scientific name	Charmus saradieli Kovařík, Lowe, Ranawana, Hoferek et Jayarathne
status	sp. nov.

Treatment

Charmus saradieli Kovařík, Lowe, Ranawana, Hoferek et Jayarathne View in CoL , sp. n.

( Figs. 12 View Figures 12–15 , 44 View Figures 39–46 , 84 View Figures 80–84 , 87–95, 99–117 View Figures 85–87 View Figures 88–91 View Figures 92–100 View Figures 101–106 View Figures 107–119 , 425–426 View Figures 403–429 , Tables 1–2 View Table 1 View Table 2 )

http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:C CA71154-E551-49C4-B328-E84B86656252

Charmus laneus View in CoL (misidentification): Vachon, 1982: 79– 83, figs. 1–11, 82–83; Lourenço, 2000: 297, figs. 2– 3; Lourenço, 2002: 24; Fet & Lowe, 2000: 123 (in part in references).

TYPE LOCALITY AND TYPE REPOSITORY. Sri Lanka, Hasalaka; MHNG.

TYPE MATERIAL EXAMINED. Sri Lanka, Hasalaka (Loc. No. 9), 250 m a.s.l., 18.I.1970, 1♀ (holotype, Figs. 44 View Figures 39–46 , 80–82 View Figures 80–84 , 90–91 View Figures 88–91 , 93, 95, 100 View Figures 92–100 , 104–114 View Figures 101–106 View Figures 107–119 , 426 View Figures 403–429 ), MHNG, leg. Y. Löbl et C. Besuchet; Haputale (Loc. No. 19), 1350 m a.s.l., 23.I.1970, 1♂ (paratype, Figs. 88–89 View Figures 88–91 , 92, 94, 99 View Figures 92–100 , 101–103 View Figures 101–106 , 115–117 View Figures 107–119 , 425 View Figures 403–429 ), MHNG, leg. Y. Löbl, Kandy (Loc. No. 18), 600 m a.s.l., 22.I.1970, 1juv. (paratype), MHNG, leg. Y. Löbl et C. Besuchet; Eastern Province, Padiyatalawa (ca 7°25'N 81°15'E), IV.1994, 1♂ (paratype), FKCP, leg. P. Senft; GoogleMaps Central Province, Kandy District, Gannoruwa village, 07°17'10" 080°35'35", 10. IX.2015, 1♂ (paratype, Fig. 87 View Figures 85–87 ), UPSL, leg. S. Jayarathne.

ETYMOLOGY. Named after the popular Sri Lankan folk hero Deekirikevage Saradiel whose activities between Colombo and Kandy in the 1850s–1860s were comparable to the world famous legend of Robin Hood. His forest sanctuary was on the summit of Mt. Utuwankanda.

DIAGNOSIS. Total length 12.18 mm (male) – 23.5 mm (female). Sexual dimorphism manifested mainly in total length. Mesosoma and carapace yellow with black ornamentation, to almost entirely black; pedipalp femur and patella almost entirely black with several small yellow spots; telson yellow to reddish black; legs yellow with black spots; chelicerae yellow, with black reticulation. Carapace granular without carinae, anterior edge with epistome present medially. Tergites I–VI granular, with one clearly visible carina. Sternites without carinae. Metasomal segments IV–V punctate without developed carinae. Fifth metasomal segment length/ width ratio 1.8 in female. Pectines with or without fulcra. Movable and fixed finger of pedipalps long, ratio of pedipalp chela length/ fixed finger length in female 1.452. Movable and fixed fingers of pedipalps bear 8 rows of granules, apical rows of 4–6 granules, and 3 terminal granules; each row of granules (except most proximal) with one internal and two external accessory granules. Pectinal teeth number 12–17 in males, 16 in female. Telson vesicle punctate, rather elongate in male.

DESCRIPTION. The adult male paratypes are 12.18–18.42 mm long, the adult female holotype is 23.5 mm long. For habitus see Figs. 88–91 View Figures 88–91 . For position and distribution of trichobothria of pedipalps see Figs. 108–114 View Figures 107–119 . For measurements and ratios see Tables 1–2 View Table 1 View Table 2 . Sexual dimorphism is manifested mainly in total length. Other sexual differences are noted below.

Coloration ( Figs. 87–91 View Figures 85–87 View Figures 88–91 ). Mesosoma and the carapace yellow with black ornamentation, to almost entirely black, metasoma yellow to reddish black with black ornamentation, and pedipalp femur and patella mainly black with yellow spots, pedipalp chela yellow with black spots on manus, pedipalp fingers yellow without spots. Telson yellow to reddish black. Legs yellow with black spots. Chelicerae yellow, with black reticulation.

Carapace ( Figs. 92–93 View Figures 92–100 ). Granular without carinae, anterior edge straight with epistome present medially. Granulation stronger in female. Median furrow present, more distinct in male. Three well developed and two reduced or absent lateral eyes.

Mesosoma ( Figs. 92–95 View Figures 92–100 ). Tergites with one carina, densely granulate in the female. In the males granules are larger and sparse. Pectinal tooth count 16 in female, 12–17 in males. Marginal tips of pectines extending to 3/4 quarters of sternite III in female, to end of sternite III in the males. Pectines with 3 marginal lamellae and 7 middle lamellae, fulcra either present (female) or absent (male). Sternites III–VII smooth, without carinae. Stigmata short, ovoid.

Metasoma and telson ( Figs. 101–106 View Figures 101–106 , 425–426 View Figures 403–429 ). Metasoma relatively narrow, segment V length/ width ratio 1.8 in female. Segments I–III strongly granulated, more so in female, with 8–10 granulated carinae. Segments IV–V may have two smooth, poorly developed dorsal carinae; segments IV–V and telson punctate except for dorsal surface. Telson rather elongate, especially in smaller males. Entire metasoma and the telson densely hirsute. Vesicle of telson somewhat elongate with long, strongly curved aculeus.

Legs ( Figs. 117 View Figures 107–119 ). Long tibial spur present on the third and fourth legs. Tarsus hirsute, more densely so on ventral surface. Tarsomeres bearing numerous setae on ventral surface, fewer on other surfaces; bristle combs absent.

Pedipalps ( Figs. 107–114, 116 View Figures 107–119 ). Femur with 4 granulated carinae, surface finely granulated. patella smooth without developed carinae, only internal surface with several larger granules. Chela smooth, lacking carinae. Pedipalps hirsute on all segments. Movable and fixed fingers of pedipalp bear 8 rows of granules, each row (except most proximal) with one internal and two external accessory granules; fingers also with apical rows of 4–6 granules and 3 terminal granules.

AFFINITIES. Charmus saradieli sp. n. and C. laneus Karsch, 1879 are the only two members the genus known from Sri Lanka. Apart from their disjunct distributions ( Fig. 12 View Figures 12–15 ), these two species can be separated from each other by: 1) the color of the patella of pedipalps, which is yellowish with several black spots in C. laneus ( Figs. 118–119 View Figures 107–119 ) and black with several little yellow spots in C. saradieli sp. n. ( Figs. 111 and 116 View Figures 107–119 ); 2) the shape of the metasoma, as the metasomal segment V length/ width ratio is 1.288–1.425 in female of C. laneus ( Figs. 80–83 View Figures 80–84 , Tables 1–2 View Table 1 View Table 2 ) and 1.800 in female of C. saradieli sp. n. ( Fig. 84 View Figures 80–84 , Tables 1–2 View Table 1 View Table 2 ); and 3) the shape of pedipalp chela, as the chela length/ fixed finger length ratio is 1.692–1.791 in female of C. laneus ( Figs. 42–43 View Figures 39–46 , Tables 1–2 View Table 1 View Table 2 ) and 1.452 in female of C. saradieli sp. n. ( Fig. 44 View Figures 39–46 , Tables 1–2 View Table 1 View Table 2 ).