Coenura Bigot, 1857

González, Christian R., Saldarriaga-Cordoba, Mónica, Aguilera, Omayra & Miranda-Esquivel, Daniel Rafael, 2023, Coenura Bigot as a valid genus: A molecular and morphological phylogenetic analysis of Pelecorhynchus Macquart sensu lato (Diptera: Pelecorhynchidae), Zootaxa 5383 (3), pp. 297-324 : 312-319

Coenura Bigot, 1857 stat. rev.

Type-species: Coenura longicauda Bigot, 1857: 286 , by mon.

Included species. Coenura biguttata Philippi , C. elegans Philippi , C. hualqui (Llanos & González) , C. longicauda Bigot , C. toltensis (Llanos & González) , and C. xanthopleura Philippi.

Diagnosis. Body length: 14.5–21.5 mm. Integument black ( Fig. 5a–f ). Eyes bare, dichoptic in females, holoptic in males. Frons of females were always parallel ( Fig. 6a ). Gena narrow ( Fig. 7a ). Antenna with scape of the same size as pedicel, pedicel short, first flagellomere rectangular, tapered ( Fig. 8a ). The bulbous clypeus is one-third of the eye width ( Fig. 7a ). Maxillary palpus short, one-sixth of proboscis length, pilose, and apically sharpened ( Fig. 9a ). Proboscis shorter than head height. Scutum with sparse, short hairs and always with pair of submedial, parallel pale vittae ( Fig. 10 a–b ). Pleura with abundant pilosity; anepisternum completely setulose ( Fig. 11a ). The wing membrane was infuscated orange and never clouded ( Fig. 12a–d ). R 4+5 without appendix, r 5 cell open; R 4 curve forming an angle of lees of 90° ( Fig. 12a–d ), except in C. biguttata ; M 2 straight, except in C. longicauda ; subcostal cell hyaline, except in C. elegans and C. hualqui, Sc and R 1 meet separated at wing margin ( Fig. 13a ); cell r 2+3 hyaline, except in C. hualqui and C. xanthopleura ; discal cell hyaline, except in C. hualqui , C. longicauda , and C. toltensis ; cell bm and br hyaline, except in C. hualqui , C. longicauda , and C. xanthopleura . Abdomen pruinose dorsally convex, as wide as the thorax, with sublateral white spots on tergites 2, 3, and sometimes 4 ( Fig. 14a ), except in C. hualqui and C. xanthopleura . Gonocoxite narrow and rounded, apex long; gonocoxal apodeme slightly longer than gonocoxite ( Fig. 15a ); length of distal lobe of gonostylus less than a quarter of gonostylus length; distal lobe of gonostylus hooked and pointed; parameral sheath hooks downwards; parameral sheath hooks shorter than dorsal lobe of gonostylus; medial spines of hooks of parameral sheath absent, except in C. biguttata ; gonostylus thick, sharp, with base rounded, dorsal area tapering towards end, curved apex ( Fig. 16a ). Aedeagus short and broad; aedeagal hooks dorsally curved apically ( Fig. 17a ) ( Table 3 ).

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Immature stages. Unknown.

Distribution. The species of the genus Coenura are known only from central-southern Chile (32º to 43º S) ( Fig. 2a ).

Figures

FIGURE 2a–b. a. Distribution of Coenura Bigot in Chile. b. Distribution of Pelecorhynchus Macquart in Australia and Tasmania.

FIGURE 5a–f. Habitus, in dorsal view, of different species of Coenura Bigot. a. Habitus Coenura biguttata Philippi female. b. Habitus Coenura elegans Philippi female. c. Habitus Coenura hualqui (Llanos & González) male. d. Habitus Coenura longicauda (Bigot) male. e. Habitus Coenura toltensis (Llanos & González) male. f. Habitus Coenura xanthopleura Philippi female (scale bar = 1.0 mm).

FIGURE 6a–c. a. Head in frontal view. a. Coenura toltensis (Llanos & González) female. b. Pelecorhynchus personatus (Walker) female. c. “Pelecorhynchus” fulvus Ricardo female © Division of Plant Industry/Entomology Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, Gainesville (USA) (scale bar = 1.0 mm).

FIGURE 7a–c. a. Head in lateral view. a. Coenura toltensis (Llanos & González) female. b. Pelecorhynchus personatus (Walker) female. c. “Pelecorhynchus” fulvus Ricardo female © Cornell University Insect Collection, Ithaca (USA) (scale bar = 1.0 mm).

FIGURE 8a–c. Antenna in lateral view. a. Coenura longicauda Bigot female. b. Pelecorhynchus personatus (Walker) female. c. “Pelecorhynchus” fulvus Ricardo female © Cornell University Insect Collection, Ithaca (USA) (scale bar = 1.0 mm). Abbreviations. fflg = first flagellomere, flag = flagellomere, pe = pedicele, sp = scape.

FIGURE 9a–c. Maxillary palp in lateral view. a. Coenura toltensis (Llanos & González) female. b. Pelecorhynchus personatus (Walker) female © Cornell University Insect Collection, Ithaca (USA). c. “Pelecorhynchus” fulvus Ricardo female © Cornell University Insect Collection, Ithaca (USA) (scale bar = 0.5 mm). Abbreviation. mxp = maxillary palp.

FIGURE 10a–d. Scutum in dorsal view.a. Coenura elegans Philippi male.b. Coenura longicauda Bigot male.c. Pelecorhynchus eristaloides (Walker) male © Canadian National Collection, Ottawa (Canada). d. “Pelecorhynchus” fulvus Ricardo female © Cornell University Insect Collection, Ithaca (USA) (scale bar = 1.0 mm).

FIGURE 11a–c. Head and pleura in lateral view. a. Coenura elegans Philippi male. b. Pelecorhynchus personatus (Walker) female © Cornell University Insect Collection, Ithaca (USA). c. “Pelecorhynchus” fulvus Ricardo female © Canadian National Collection, Ottawa (Canada). (scale bar = 5.0 mm).

FIGURE 12a–d. Wing in dorsal view. a. Coenura toltensis (Llanos & González). b. Coenura hualqui (Llanos & González). c. Coenura longicauda (Bigot). d. Coenura xanthopleura Philippi (scale bar = 1.0 mm). Abbreviations. C = costal vein, CuP = posterior branch of cubital vein, CuA = anterior branch of cubital vein, d = discal cell, M1 = first branch of media, M2 = second branch of media, M3 = third branch of media, M4 = fourth branch of media, R1 = anterior branch of radius, R2+3 = second branch of radius, R4 = upper branch of third branch of radius, R 5 = lower branch of third branch of radius, Sc = subcostal vein.

FIGURE 13a–c. Sc and R1 veins in dorsal view. a. Coenura toltensis (Llanos & González). b. Pelecorhynchus nero Mackerras & Fuller © Canadian National Collection, Ottawa (Canada). c. “Pelecorhynchus” distinctus Taylor © Cornell University Insect Collection, Ithaca (USA) (scale bar = 5.0 mm).

FIGURE 14a–c. Abdomen in dorsal view. a. Coenura elegans Philippi. b. Pelecorhynchus personatus (Walker) © Cornell University Insect Collection, Ithaca (USA). c. “Pelecorhynchus” fulvus Ricardo © Cornell University Insect Collection, Ithaca (USA).

FIGURE 15a–b. Male terminalia of Coenura and Pelecorhynchus. a.Coenura toltensis (Llanos & González). b. Pelecorhynchus personatus (Walker) (scale bar = 0.05 mm).

FIGURES 17a–b. Aedeagus of Coenuraand Pelecorhynchus. a. Coenura toltensis (Llanos &González)male.b. Pelecorhynchus personatus (Walker) (scale bar = 0.05 mm).

FIGURES16a–b.GonostylusofCoenuraandPelecorhynchus.a.Coenuratoltensis(Llanos &González)male.b.Pelecorhynchus personatus (Walker) (scale bar = 0.05 mm).