Oxydromus fauveli Uchida, 2019

Hiro, Uchida, omi, Lopéz, Eduardo & Sato, Masanori, 2019, New Hesionidae (Annelida) from Japan: Unavailable Names Introduced by Uchida (2004) Revisited, with Reestablishment of their Availability, Species Diversity 24, pp. 69-95 : 77-79

Oxydromus fauveli Uchida , sp. nov.

[New Japanese name: Shiro-obi-otohime] ( Figs 4E , 7 )

Ophiodromus angustifrons (non Grube 1878): Uchida 1988: 78; Uchida 1992: 321, pl. 63, fig. 7.

Ophiodromus fauveli Uchida, 2004: 50–53 , fig. 9, pl. 5, fig. 5 (unavailable specific name, without explicit fixation of name-bearing types).

Oxydromus fauveli (specific name unavailable): Villalobos- Guerrero and Harris 2012: 24 (referred in check list); Chim et al. 2013: 578; Rizzo and Salazar-Vallejo 2014: 281 (in key).

Type material. Holotype: (NSMT-Pol H-700), Izumo, Kushimoto, Wakayama Prefecture (33°26′50″N, 135°47′56″E), lobster gillnet, coll. H. Misaki, 26 October 1976. Fourteen paratypes: one (NSMT-Pol P-701), Arita , Kushimoto , Wakayama Prefecture (33°28′41″N, 135°44′2″E), lobster gillnet, coll. H. Misaki, 30 November 1976; one (NSMT-Pol P-702), Arita , Kushimoto , Wakayama Prefecture (33°28′41″N, 135°44′2″E), lobster gillnet, coll. H. Misaki and M. Suzuki, 1 December 1976; one (NSMT-Pol P-703), Naminoura , Shionomisaki , Kushimoto , Wakayama Prefecture (33°26′30″N, 135°46′26″E), lobster gillnet, coll. H. Misaki, 17 December 1976; one (NSMT-Pol P-704), Shobadani , Shionomisaki , Kushimoto , Wakayama Prefecture (33°28′30″N, 135°46′13″E), lobster gillnet, coll. K. Nomura, 16 March 1985; one (NSMT-Pol P-705), Sabiura , Kushimoto , Wakayama Prefecture (33°28′50″N, 135°44′43″E), aquarium tank in Kushimoto Marine Park , coll. H. Uchida, 9 April 1985; one (NSMT-Pol P-706), Sabiura , Kushimoto , Wakayama Prefecture (33°28′50″N, 135°44′43″E), aquarium tank in Kushimoto Marine Park , coll. H. Uchida, 18 April 1985; one (NSMT-Pol P-707), Shionomisaki , Kushimoto , Wakayama Prefecture (33°26′29″N, 135°44′58″E), lobster gillnet, coll. K. Nomura, 31 October 1989; one (NSMT-Pol P-708), Shionomisaki , Kushimoto , Wakayama Prefecture (33°26′29″N, 135°44′58″E), lobster gillnet, coll. K. Nomura, 11 February 1991; one (NSMT-Pol P-709), Sakai , Minabe , Wakayama Prefecture (33°44′41″N, 135°19′18″E), lobster gillnet, coll. F. Iwase, 11 January 1992; three (NSMT-Pol P-710); Sakai , Minabe , Wakayama Prefecture (33°44′41″N, 135°19′18″E), lobster gillnet, coll. F. Iwase, 14 February 1992; two (NSMT-Pol P-711), off Arita , Kushimoto , Wakayama Prefecture (33°28′41″N, 135°44′2″E), SCUBA diving, 20 m depth, coll. K Nomura, 13 March 1992.

Diagnosis. Holotype 12 mm long for 41 chaetigers, body brown dorsally, with wide, conspicuous white bands with bright greenish iridescence on segments 2, 8, 12, 17, 21, 25, 29, 33, 35, 39 and 43 ( Fig. 4E ). Lateral antennae one and a half as long as prostomium; median antenna fusiform, shorter than 1/4 of lateral ones; palps as long as lateral antennae, palpostyles twice as long as palpophores; two pairs of dark red eyes, anterior ones larger ( Fig. 7A, B ). Parapodia biramous ( Fig. 7D, E ). Notopodia with discrete cirrophore with clear constriction near distal end ( Fig. 7E ), with 1–10 forked notochaetae from chaetigers 3–6 onwards ( Fig. 7F ), with only a single capillary notochaetae in the last 2–3 segments ( Fig. 7G ). Neuropodia short with triangular pre- and postchaetal lobes ( Fig. 7E ); neurochaetae typical of the genus ( Fig. 7H–L ). Pygidiun with a pair of relatively short anal cirri ( Fig. 7C )

Etymology. The species is named in honor of the famous French polychaetologist Pierre Fauvel.

Remarks. The detailed description of the type materials was presented in Uchida (2004). The characteristic traits of the new species are the bright white bands on the dorsum, the short neuropodia with triangular pre- and postchaetal lobes, and the relatively high number of notochaetae. The only other hesionid species bearing white bands and short neuropodial lobes is O. spinapandens ( Storch and Niggemann, 1967) , from the Red Sea ( Storch and Niggemann 1967), but this Clypeaster -associated species ( Chim et al. 2013) bears a wide white zone extending through the first eight chaetigers, whereas in O. fauveli sp. nov. chaetigers 6 and 7 are brown without white bands. The specimens reported as Podarke angustifrons (Grube) from several localities in the Indian Ocean by Fauvel (1918, 1919, 1932, 1953) are likely to belong to the species herein described, but an examination of the material is needed to confirm this point.

Oxydromus longifundus Uchida , sp. nov. [New Japanese name: Nakafushi-haya-otohime] ( Fig. 8 )

Ophiodromus longifundus Uchida, 2004: 53–55 , fig. 10 (unavailable specific name, without explicit fixation of name-bearing types).

Oxydromus longifundus (specific name unavailable): Villalobos-Guerrero and Harris 2012: 24 (referred in check list); Rizzo and Salazar-Vallejo 2014: 280 (in key).

Type material. Holotype: mature male (NSMT-Pol H-607), off Nishinohama, Kuroshima, Yaeyama Islands in Ryukyu Islands , Okinawa Prefecture (24°15′19″N, 123°59′31″E), SCUBA diving, 10 m depth, coll. H. Uchida, 18 June 1987.

Diagnosis. Holotype incomplete, 10 mm long for 35 chaetigers, body pale brown, central area of prostomium orange. Lateral antennae slightly longer than prostomium; median antenna fusiform, 1/4 as long as prostomium; palps as long as lateral antennae, palpostyles one and a half as long as palpophores; two pairs of dark red, circular eyes, anterior ones larger ( Fig. 8A ). Parapodia biramous or sub-biramous ( Fig. 8B–D ). Notopodia with rather long cirrophore bearing constriction in its middle ( Fig. 8C, D ) and sometimes single forked notochaetae ( Fig. 8F ). Neuropodia supported by very stout single acicula ( Fig. 8D, E ); compound chaetae with long blades ( Fig. 8G–K ); ventral cirri long, subulate ( Fig. 8C ) inserted mid-ventrally on neuropodial lobe.

Etymology. Named after the remarkably long palpophores.

Remarks. The detailed description of the type materials was presented in Uchida (2004). The new species has several noteworthy features. First, the constrictions separating the two articulations of palps locate more distally than in any other species of the genus. The insertion of neurocirri is also unique, being located just on the mid-ventral line of the parapodial lobe, instead of ventro-laterally as in the rest of Oxydromus species. Finally, no other species bear so stout neuroaciculae, nor so long cirrophores with the constrictions near their middle.

Figures

Fig. 4. Photographs of live specimens of four species of Oxydromus. A, B, O. bunbuku sp. nov.: A, holotype (NSMT-Pol H-693); B, paratype (NSMT-Pol P-695) associated with the spatangoid urchin Brissus latecarinatus. C, D, O. constrictus sp. nov.: C, holotype (NSMT-Pol H-698); D, nontype (UAM Pol-1-12-6-1-A) crawling among spines of the host sea urchin (photograph by Dr. Daisuke Uyeno). E, O. fauveli sp. nov., paratype (NSMT-Pol P-707). F, O. parapallidus sp. nov., paratype (NSMT-Pol P-737).

Fig. 7. Oxydromus fauveli sp. nov., holotype (NSMT-Pol H-700) (B, C) and paratypes (the others). A, dorsal view of the anterior body, with proboscis everted (white areas shown as black dotted ones). B, dorsal view of the anterior end, with proboscis not everted. C, ventral view of the posterior end. D, anterior view of right parapodium 23. E, posterior view of the same parapodium. F, notochaeta. G, simple capillary notochaeta in right parapodium 33 (parapodial epidermis shown as proximal line). H, superior supra-acicular compound falciger. I, inferior supra-acicular falciger. J, superior sub-acicular falciger. K, inferior sub-acicular falciger. L, tip of shaft of compound chaeta. Scale bars: 1.25mm for A; 1mm for B, C; 0.5mm for D; 0.2mm for E; 0.02mm for F; 0.05mm for G–L.

Fig. 8. Oxydromus longifundus sp. nov., holotype (NSMT-Pol H-607). A, dorsal view of the anterior end. B, posterior view of right parapodium 23 with a short notocirrus, which was lost. C, anterior view of right parapodium 20 with a long notocirrus, which was lost together with all supra-acicular chaetae. D, posterior view of right parapodium 33, with noto- and neuro-cirri and all neurochaetae lost. E, neuropodial acicula. F, notochaeta. G, superior supra-acicular compound falciger. H, inferior supra-acicular falciger. I, superior sub-acicular falciger. J, middle sub-acicular falciger. K, inferiormost sub-acicular falciger. Scale bars: 0.5mm for A; 0.5mm for B; 0.2mm for C; 0.1mm for D, E; 0.02mm for F; 0.05mm for G–K.