Canarium betamponae Daly, Raharim. & Federman, 2015

Daly, Douglas C., Raharimampionona, Jeannie & Federman, Sarah, 2015, A revision of Canarium L. (Burseraceae) in Madagascar, Adansonia 37 (2), pp. 277-345 : 294-295

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.5252/a2015n2a2
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F5FA39-BC49-FFEC-B1D1-FACA33AEF98C
treatment provided by	Carolina
scientific name	Canarium betamponae Daly, Raharim. & Federman
status	sp. nov.

Treatment

Canarium betamponae Daly, Raharim. & Federman View in CoL , sp. nov.

( Figs 6 View FIG ; 7 View FIG A-D).

Small to medium-sized trees, leaves 3-4(5)-jugate, fruits broadly obovoid (rarely slightly ovoid), glabrous and glossy, distinguished from C. galokense Daly, Raharim. & Federman , sp. nov., C. globosum Daly, Raharim. & Federman , sp. nov., C. manongarivum Daly, Raharim. & Federman , sp. nov. and C. subsidarium Daly, Raharim. & Federman , sp. nov. by membranaceous stipules and subglabrous inflorescence axes. TYPUS. — Madagascar. Toamasina / Tamatave, District Toamasina II, Ambodirina, Réserve Naturelle Intégrale Betampona, 325- 375 m elev., 17°55’53”S, 49°12’12”E, 3.II.2006 (fr), D. C. Daly, R. Ranaivojaona, R. B. Iambana, & C. Razafy 13073 (holo-, NY!; iso-, MO!, TEF!).

PARATYPI. — Madagascar. Toamasina, Atsinanana, Réserve Naturelle Intégrale Betampona, 325-375 m, 15°55’53”S, 49°12’12”E, 4.II.2006, D. C. Daly, R. Ranaivojaona, R. B. Iambana & C. Razafy 13079 ( NY, TEF), 325-375 m, 15°55’53”S, 49°12’12”E, 4.II.2006, D. C. Daly, R. Ranaivojaona, R. B. Iambana & C. Razafy 13080 ( NY, TEF), 400-600 m, 17°54’16”S, 49°12’13”E, 15.IV.2008, S. Federman, T. Treuer & J. Sylvain 9 ( NY), 400-600 m, 17°54’33”S, 49°12’12”E, 7.III.2008, S. Federman, T.Treuer & J. Sylvain 28 ( NY), 400-600 m, 17°54’29”S, 49°12’06”E, 9.III.2008, S. Federman, T. Treuer & J. Sylvain 53 ( NY), 400-600 m, 17°54’30”S, 49°12’14”E, 23.IV.2008, S. Federman, T.Treuer & J. Sylvain 116 ( NY); Ambohimanga, Ambaro, Ifanadiana, 11.II.1956, Service Forestier 20-R-332 [sic] ( NY, TEF [not seen]); Atsinanana, Réserve Naturelle Intégrale Betampona, 400-600 m, 17°53’48”S, 49°13’11”E, 4.V.2008, T. Treuer, S. Federman & J. Sylvain 70 ( NY), 400-600 m, 17°54’36”S, 49°12’10”E, 10.V.2008, T.Treuer, S. Federman & J. Sylvain 110 ( NY). DISTRIBUTION AND ECOLOGY. — To date, Canarium betamponae , sp. nov. appears to be restricted to theRéserve Naturelle Intégrale de Betampona in GoogleMaps Toamasina, where it is usually a large tree occurring on sandy clay soils in primary humid forest with open canopy and many poles and lianas; it is found between 325-600 m on slopes usually not exposed to cyclones. Fruiting Feb.-Apr.

COMMON NAMES AND USES. — Ramy. Resin used for caulking canoes, also for illumination, and for religious (tromba) ceremonies.

DESCRIPTION

Trees, reproductive size 11-22 m × 20-65 cm diam, with thick low plank buttresses.Outer bark dark gray(-brown), thick, with deep short fissures, shed in elongate irregular plates; inner bark pale red or orange to tan, thick.Leaves 15-27 cm long, 3-4(5)-jugate; petiole 3.5-5.7 cm long, petiole and rachis with scattered capitate glands and a few scattered ascending to appressed pale golden hairs to 0.25 mm long, also with scattered elongate lenticels; stipules 11-38 mm from petiole insertion, 3-7 mm long, orbicular, membranaceous, with sparse appressed pale golden hairs to 0.15mm long, the scar 1-2 mm long; all lateral petiolules 4-9 mm long, terminal one 7-10 mm long,petiolules canaliculate, lateral pulvinuli inconspicuous; basal leaflets 3.2-4.9 × 2.2-3cm, broadly ovate to suborbicular or oblong, other laterals 3.7-6.5 × 2.2-3.2 cm, broadly elliptic to slightly ovate; terminal one 3.5- 6.2 × 2.4-3.3 cm, broadly elliptic, rarely slightly obovate; leaflet apex usually abruptly and broadly short-acuminate, the acumen 2-7 mm long; lateral leaflet base symmetrical to slightly asymmetrical, obtuse or rounded to truncate or sometimes slightly cordate;leaflet margin flat to slightly revolute; leaflets coriaceous, drying brown; secondary vein framework festooned brochidodromous, usually looping far from the margin, secondaries in 6-9(11) pairs, spreading, spacing decreasing toward apex and base, the angle increasing toward the apex and sometimes toward the base, perpendicular epimedial tertiaries usually present, intercostal tertiaries irregular-reticulate,frequently some admedial tertiaries branching toward secondary vein axils from adjacent secondaries, quaternaries regular-polygonal; on abaxial side all veins narrowly prominent, the surface glabrous; on adaxial side all veins narrowly prominulous except the midvein sunk in a groove, glabrous. Flowers unknown. Infructescences 9-20 cm long, the secondary axes 3-7 cm long, in fruit the axes (sub) glabrous, sometimes with some bristles to 0.1 mm long; bracts deciduous, not semi-clasping; fruiting pedicel 4-7 × 2-3 mm, slightly clavate; fruiting calyx 2-3 mm long, spreading to patent, the lobes distinct, with a few short thick ascending hairs to 0.15 mm long. Fruits 3-3.2 × 2.6-3.2 cm (to 3.4 cm long fresh), broadly obovoid, rarely slightly ovoid or depressed-globose, sometimes slightly 3-lobed (Daly et al. 13073), the apex round and base obtuse to truncate, surface glaucous to dull turquoise, smooth, glabrous, usually glossy; mesocarp to 5 mm thick; the pyrene 2-2.8 × 2.1-2.4 cm, operculum runs along the pyrene. NOTES

Canarium betamponae , sp. nov. is part of a complex of species including C. galokense , sp.nov., C, globosum , sp. nov., C.manongarivum , sp. nov. and C. subsidarium , sp. nov. that have 3-5-jugate leaves with short stipular scars (except C. manongarivum , sp. nov.), relatively small leaflets that are often oblong, and relatively small fruits. They are compared in Table 1.