Carex lanigerus

Godfray, Charles J. & Achterberg, Cornelis Van, 2024, Annotated Checklist of the European Dacnusini and the Dapsilarthra genus group of the Alysiini (Hymenoptera: Braconidae, Alysiinae), Zootaxa 5513 (1), pp. 1-73 : 25-29

lanigerus ( Stelfox, 1957; Gyrocampa )

Group: 3c.

Literature: Griffith VI-109 (K VI-117); Tobias (450).

Hosts: Hypothesis —Parasitoid of a Cerodontha (Icteromyza) sp. from an unrecorded host plant. Evidence — Griffiths (3).

Similar species: C. norae .

lanzarotensis Fischer, Tormos, Pardo & Jiménez, 2004

Group: 5d.

Literature: Fischer et al. (2004b).

Similar species: C. rufimarginatus .

Notes: Only known from the Canary Islands.

lar (Morley, 1924; Dacnusa )

Synonymy: innanus ( Nixon, 1943, Dacnusa ).

Group: 5a.

Literature: Nixon 1945 -227 (K 1943-161, 165, 1945-192); Griffiths II-573 (K VI-120); Tobias (40, 135, 176). Hosts: Hypothesis —Parasitoid of Agromyza spp. leaf-mining shrubby Fabaceae . Evidence —Griffiths (4); NMS (9). Comment —Recorded hosts: A. genistae , A. johannae (Griffiths, NMS) ; A. pulla ( Alekseev et al. 2019) .

DNA Barcode: Yes.

Similar species: Possibly C. canace .

larides ( Nixon, 1944; Dacnusa )

Group: 1a

Literature: Nixon 1944 -96; Griffiths (K IV-659); Tobias (356).

Hosts: Hypothesis —Parasitoid of Phytomyza (= Napomyza ) evanescens in stem pith of Ranunculus . Evidence — NHM (1).

DNA Barcode: Yes.

lateralis (Haliday, 1839; Alysia )

Synonymy: fuscula (Haliday, 1839, Alysia ); albicoxa ( Thomson, 1895, Dacnusa ).

Group: 5b.

Literature: Nixon 1937 -31; Nixon 1944 -198; Griffiths II-573 (K VI-128); Tobias (340).

Hosts: Hypothesis—Parasitoid of Agromyza spp. ( A. anthracina , A. reptans , A. pseudoreptans ) on Urtica dioica ( Urticaceae ) and A. ferruginosa on Symphytum spp. ( Boraginaceae ). Evidence—Griffiths (21, Urtica ; 9, Symphytum ); NMS (120, Urtica ).

DNA Barcode: Yes, shares BIN with C. credne & C. bres with 1.9% sequence divergence.

leptogaster (Haliday, 1839; Alysia )

Synonymy: naenia (Morley, 1924, Dacnusa ); dinae (Burghele, 1960, Dacnusa ).

Group: Griffiths placed in 1c but biology and DNA barcode suggest 1e.

Literature: Nixon 1937 -18; Nixon 1944 -90, (K 1943-164); Burghele (1960a); Griffiths IV-676 (K IV-664); Tobias (423); Docavo et al. (2001).

Hosts: Hypothesis —Parasitoid of the Ophiomyia pulicaria group mining leaves of Asteraceae . Evidence — Griffiths (53); NMS (4). Comment —Recorded hosts: O. pulicaria , O. cunctata , O. pinguis .

DNA Barcode: Yes; sister BIN may be an undescribed species or one of the similar species below.

Similar species: C. longiventris , C. petiobrevis , C. trjapitzini .

liliputanus Fischer, Tormos, Docavo & Pardo, 2004

Group: 5a.

Literature: Fischer et al. (2004a).

Similar species: C. melanophytobiae .

[ limnicola ( Nees, 1812; Bassus )]

Group:?3a.

Literature: Nees (1812) p. 261.

Notes: Nees compares with C. longicornis ; not treated by Nixon & Griffiths and as type lost probably a nomen dubium .

[ lonchopterae ( Ruschka, 1926; Dacnusa )]

Described by Ruschka (1926) from material reared from Lonchoptera lutea ( Lonchopteridae ). Not subsequently recognised or discussed by Nixon or Griffiths. No Dacnusini are known from lonchopterids and if correct this would be a remarkable host record. Ruschka’s description is too brief to place this species (which he compares to C. ovalis ) and examination of the type, if it exists, is required to take further.

longicornis (Nees, 1811; Bracon )

Synonymy: affinis ( Nees, 1812, Bassus ). Synonymy first established in Shenefelt (1974) but overlooked until O’Connor et al. (1999).

Group: 3a.

Literature: Nixon 1937 -80; Nixon 1949-294; Griffiths (K VI-116); Tobias (476, 481).

Hosts: Hypothesis —Parasitoid of Hydrellia mining leaves of Poaceae . Evidence — Tobias (1986); NMS (8). Comment —Recorded host: H. maura . Tobias gives H. griseola (though this name often applied uncritically to Hydrellia ) and Phytomyza rufipes which was not accepted by Griffiths (III-781).

DNA Barcode: Yes.

Similar species: C. affiniformis , C. asini , C. ladogae .

longiventris Docavo, Fischer & Tormos, 2001

Group: 1c.

Literature: Docavo et al. (2001).

Hosts: Hypothesis —Parasitoid of Ophiomyia sp. or Phytomyza horticola . Evidence — Docavo et al. (2001) ( P. horticola : 3). Comment —Related species feed on Ophiomyia spp. whose mines can be confused with P. horticola .

Similar species: C. leptogaster , C. petiobrevis .

lugubris ( Nixon, 1937; Dacnusa )

Group: 5b.

Literature: Nixon 1937 -35; Nixon 1945 -219 (K 1945-192, 194); Griffiths II-574, [VII-354] (K VI-121); Tobias (190, 266).

Hosts: Hypothesis —Parasitoid of Agromyza spp. on Poaceae . Evidence —Griffiths (20); NMS (2). Comment — Recorded hosts: A. albipennis , A. nigripes .

DNA Barcode: Yes.

[ luzulae Griffiths, 1967 ]

Notes: Synonymized here with C. aphantus q.v..

lychnidis Griffiths, 1967

Group: 1b.

Literature: Griffiths IV-675 (K IV-664); Tobias (411).

Hosts: Hypothesis —Parasitoid of Ophiomyia melandricaulis stem mining Lychnis flos-cuculi ( Caryophyllaceae ). Evidence— Griffiths (2); NMS (2).

maculigastrus Shenefelt, 1974

Synonymy: maculata ( Nixon, 1944, Dacnusa ) preocc..

Group: 1a

Literature: Nixon 1944 -106; Griffiths (K IV-660).

melanophytobiae Griffiths, 1968

Group: 5a.

Literature: Griffiths V-43 (K VI-121, 133 & 134); Tobias (19, 196, 206).

Hosts: Hypothesis—Parasitoid of Amauromyza (= Melanophytobia) chamaebalani leaf-mining Lathyrus tuberosus . Evidence—Griffiths (5).

DNA Barcode: No; a BIN with a single specimen morphologically similar to C. melanophytobiae is likely an undescribed species.

Similar species: C. liliputanus , C. stolyarovii .

merellus ( Nixon, 1937; Dacnusa )

Group: 2.

Literature: Nixon 1937 -26; Nixon 1944 -144, 145 (K 1943-165); Griffiths VI-92 (K VI-114); Tobias (118).

Hosts: Hypothesis—Parasitoid of Cerodontha ( Dizygomyza & Butomomyza) leaf-mining Cyperaceae , Juncaceae and Poaceae . Evidence—Griffiths (82); NMS (55). Comment—Recorded hosts: C. caricicola , C. caricivora , C. chaixiana , C. luzulae , C. scirpi , C. staryi .

DNA Barcode: Yes.

merion ( Nixon, 1945; Dacnusa )

Group: 5a.

Literature: Nixon 1945 -197 (K 1945-191); Griffiths III-851 (K VI-131); Tobias (167).

Hosts: Hypothesis —Parasitoid of Phytomyza wahlgreni ( = taraxacocecis ) mining leaf bases of Taraxacum sp. ( Asteraceae ). Evidence —Griffiths (2).

DNA Barcode: Probably; shares BIN with C. crocale .

Notes: Five further male specimens (NMS), probably of this species, reared from Phytomyza cecidonomia (on Hypochoeris ) and an agromyzid midrib miner on Leontodon (both Asteraceae ), share a barcode with Chorebus crocale though are in a separate clade with 2.2% separation. They share the iridescent wings of crocale but have some characters of merion and a host with similar biology.

metallicus Griffiths, 1968

Group: 3a.

Literature: Griffiths VI-107 (K VI-115); Tobias (455).

Hosts: Hypothesis— Parasitoid of Cerodontha geniculata leaf-mining Eriophorum latifolium (Cyperacaeae) . Evidence —Griffiths (13).

Similar species: C. pseudoasini , C. pseudometallicus .

miodes (Nixon, 1949; Gyrocampa )

Group: 3a.

Literature: Nixon 1949-292; Griffith (K VI-115); Tobias (453, 488).

misellus (Marshall, 1895; Dacnusa )

Group; 5fi.

Literature: Nixon 1937 -39; Nixon 1945 -225 (K 1943-161, 1945-192); Griffiths V-41 (K VI-134); Tobias (21, 195).

Hosts: Hypothesis —Chiefly a parasitoid of Liriomyza spp. leaf miners. Evidence —Griffiths (14); NMS (10); Docavo et al. (1993) (4). Comment —Single rearing records from Phytomyza syngenesiae & P. horticola . Recorded hosts: L. balcanica ( = cyparissiae ), L. congesta , L. centaureae .

DNA Barcode: Yes; a single specimen in a related BIN probably represents an undescribed species.

Similar species: C. stolyarovi .

mitrus ( Nixon, 1945; Dacnusa )

Group: 5a.

Literature: Nixon 1945 -217 (K 1945-191, 193); Griffiths III-868 (K VI-128, 133); Tobias (219).

Hosts: Hypothesis —Parasitoid of Phytomyza campanulae leaf-mining Campanula spp. ( Campanulaceae ). Evidence —Griffiths (18); NMS (4).

DNA Barcode: Yes; shares BIN with specimens morphologically similar to Chorebus armida reared from Phytomyza on Asteraceae .

mucronatus (Telenga, 1934; Dacnusa )

Group: 5a.

Literature: Tobias (32), Fischer (2001).

Hosts: Hypothesis— Parasitoid of Pseudonapomyza atra (a Poaceae miner). Evidence— Tobias (1986); Comment— Record from Phytomyza campanulae , which mines Campanula spp. ( Campanulaceae ) ( Shenefelt 1974) probably incorrect.

Similar species: C. nitidus , C. dumitus .

myles ( Nixon, 1943; Dacnusa )

Group: 4a.

Literature: Nixon 1946 -292 (K 1943-163); Griffiths (K VI-118); Tobias (62).

nanus ( Nixon, 1943; Dacnusa )

Group: 5e.

Literature: Nixon 1946 -285 (K 1943-164); Griffiths III-867 (K VI-124) [VII-357]; Tobias (98).

Hosts: Hypothesis —Parasitoid of Phytomyza spp. ( obscura gp.) leaf-mining Boraginaceae & Lamiaceae .

Evidence —Griffiths (28); NMS (4). Comment —Recorded hosts: P. medicaginis ( = symphyti ), P. myosotica , P. obscura , P. origani , P. petoei and P. horticola [dwarf specimen].

[ navicularis ( Nees, 1812; Bassus )]

Literature: Nees (1812; 1834), Godfray (2020).

Notes: Not recognised since 19 th century and type lost; possibly a synonym of Protodacnusa tristis Nees but likely a nomen dubium ( Godfray 2020) .

nerissus ( Nixon, 1937; Dacnusa )

Group: 1b.

Literature: Nixon 1937 -19; Nixon 1944 -92; Griffiths (K IV-664); Tobias (409).

nigriscaposus (Nixon, 1949; Gyrocampa )

Synonymy: propodealis (Nixon, 1949, Gyrocampa ) (Griffiths VI-109).

Group: 3c.

Literature: Nixon 1949-296; Griffith VI-108 (K VI-117); Tobias (465, 471, 486).

Hosts: Hypothesis —Parasitoid of Cerodontha (Icteromyza) geniculata leaf-mining Eriophorum ( Cyperaceae ). Evidence —Griffiths (43). Comments—Griffiths also records C. calosoma as a host whose host plant is unknown.

Notes: Synonymy, due to Griffiths.

ninella ( Nixon, 1945; Dacnusa )

Group: 5a.

Literature: Nixon 1945 -221 (K 1945-194); Griffiths II-575 but see VI-80 (K VI-132) [VII-356]; Tobias (265).

Hosts: Hypothesis —Parasitoid of Cerodontha spp. leaf-mining Poaceae . Evidence —Griffiths (11). Comment — Recorded host: C. calamagrostidis ( =spenceri )).

DNA Barcode: see C. asramenes .

nitidus ( Tobias, 1966; Dacnusa )

Group: 5a.

Literature: Tobias (33); Fischer (2001).

Similar species: C. mucronatus (both small dark species).

nixoni Burghele, 1959

Group: 3b

Literature: Burghele (1959); Griffiths (K VI-117); Tobias (441).

Hosts: Hypothesis —Parasitoid of Hydrellia spp. ( Ephydridae ) mining aquatic plants. Evidence— “Hundreds” reared from H. griseola pupae ( Burghele 1959).

Notes: C. stagnalis Heymons might be a senior synonym ( Burghele 1960a).

nobilis Griffiths, 1968

Group: 2.

Literature: Griffiths VI-94 (K VI-114); Tobias (125).

Hosts: Hypothesis —Parasitoid of Cerodontha (Butomomyza) eucaricis leaf-mining Carex spp. ( Cyperaceae ). Evidence —Griffiths (18); NMS (24).

DNA Barcode: Yes.

nomia ( Nixon, 1937; Dacnusa )

Group: 1a.

Literature: Nixon 1937 -43; Nixon 1944 -106; Griffiths (K IV-660); Tobias (361).

DNA Barcode: Yes.

norae Graham, 1986

Group: 3c.

Literature: Graham (1986).

Similar species: C. lanigerus .

Notes: A Madeira endemic; metasomal tergites pubescent and punctate.

nydia ( Nixon, 1937; Dacnusa )

Group: 4a.

Literature: Nixon 1937 -75; Nixon 1946 -281 (K 1943-162); Griffiths I-879 [II-576] (K VI-119); Tobias (69).

Hosts: Hypothesis —Parasitoid of Agromyza leaf miners on Poaceae . Evidence —Griffiths (71); NMS (2). Comment —Recorded hosts: A. albipennis , A. nigripes .

DNA Barcode: Yes.

[ obliquus ( Thomson, 1895; Dacnusa )]

Griffiths (VI-98) discusses and considers a nomen nudum as type lost.

obscurator Jiménez & Tormos, 1988

Group: 1e.

Literature: Jimenez and Tormos (1988), Docavo et al. (2006).

Similar species: C. rondanii .

obscuripes ( Ruschka, 1913; Dacnusa )

Group 6.

Literature: Ruschka (1913); Burghele (1960a).

Hosts: Type specimen reared from a dipteran puparium, possibly Hydrellia sp. ( Ephydridae ), in petiole of Potamogeton natans ( Potamogetonaceae ).

Notes: Poorly known species, Burghele (1960a) thought likely the same as C. striola which she also considered synonymous with C. rousseaui .

oltenicus (Burghele, 1960; Dacnusa )

Group: 5a.

Literature: Burghele (1960a); Griffiths (K VI-120); Tobias (332).

ophthalmicus ( Tobias, 1962; Paragyrocampa )

Group: 3d.

Literature: Tobias (1962); Tobias (492).

Similar species: C. catron , C. convergens .

Notes: not treated by Griffiths; eyes highly convergent ventrally.

orbiculatae Griffiths, 1967

Group: 1e.

Literature: Griffiths IV-671 (K IV-666); Tobias (389).

Hosts: Hypothesis —Parasitoid of Ophiomyia orbiculata in roots and stems of Pisum sativum ( Fabaceae ). Evidence —Griffiths (3).

oreoselini Griffiths, 1967

Group: 5a.

Literature: Griffiths III-869 (K VI-134); Tobias (237 [as “ areoselini ”], 242).

Hosts: Hypothesis— Parasitoid of Phytomyza pauliloewii leaf-mining Peucedanum oreoselinum ( Apiaceae ). Evidence —Griffiths (7).

orissa ( Nixon, 1944; Dacnusa )

Group: 2.

Literature: Nixon 1944 -146; Griffiths (K VI-115); Tobias (122).

oritias ( Nixon, 1945; Dacnusa )

Group: 5a.

Literature: Nixon 1945 -198; Griffiths VII-355 (K VI-126); Tobias (158).

Hosts: Hypothesis— Parasitoid of Phytomyza spp. in Asteraceae petioles and stems. Evidence —Griffiths (9). Comment —Recorded hosts: P. picridocecis in petioles, and Phytomyza sp. , in stems of Picris hieracioides ; Phytomyza sp. in Leontodon hispidus petioles.

ornatus ( Telenga, 1935; Dacnusa )

Group: 1a.

Literature: Tobias (1998); Papp (2007a).

Notes: Synonymised with C. bathyzonus by Tobias but this not accepted by Papp (though he did not give distinguishing characters).

Similar species: C. bathyzonus .

ovalis (Marshall, 1896; Dacnusa )

Group: 5a

Literature: Nixon 1937 -38; Nixon 1945 -194 (K 1943-165, 1945-193); Griffiths (K VI-132); Tobias (228, 259).